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作者:Favero, Carlo; Giavazzi, Francesco
作者单位:Bocconi University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
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作者:Baland, Jean-Marie; Robinson, James A.
作者单位:University of Namur; Harvard University
摘要:Many employment relationships concede rents to workers. Depending on the political institutions, the presence of such rents allows employers to use the threat of withdrawing them to control their workers' political behavior, such as their votes in the absence of secret ballot. We examine the effects of the introduction of the secret ballot in Chile in 1958 on voting behavior. Before the reforms, localities with more pervasive patron-client relationships fended to exhibit a much stronger suppor...
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作者:Condliffe, Simon; Link, Charles R.
作者单位:Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PASSHE); West Chester University of Pennsylvania; University of Delaware
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作者:Bodie, Zvi; Ruffino, Doriana; Treussard, Jonathan
作者单位:Boston University; Boston University
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作者:Blundell, Richard; Pistaferri, Luigi; Preston, Ian
作者单位:University of London; University College London; Stanford University
摘要:This paper examines the link between income and consumption inequality. We create panel data on consumption for the Panel study of Income dynamics using an imputation procedure based on food demand estimates from. the Consumer Expenditure Survey. We document a disjuncture between income and consumption inequality over the 1980s and show that it can be explained by changes in the persistence of income shocks. We find some partial insurance of permanent shocks, especially for the college educate...
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作者:Broda, Christian; Limao, Nuno; Weinstein, David E.
作者单位:University of Chicago; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Columbia University
摘要:We find that prior to World Trade Organization membership, countries set import tar tariffs 9 percentage points higher on inelastically supplied imports relative to those supplied elastically. The magnitude of this of effect is similar to the size of average tariffs in these countries, and market power explains more of the tariff variation than a commonly used political economy variable. Moreover, US trade restrictions not covered by the WTO are significantly higher oil goods where the United ...
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作者:Armel, K. Carrie; Rangel, Antonio
作者单位:Stanford University; California Institute of Technology
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作者:Besley, Timothy; Ghatak, Maitreesh
作者单位:University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
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作者:Clark, Gregory; O'Rourke, Kevin H.; Taylor, Alan M.
作者单位:University of California System; University of California Davis; Trinity College Dublin; Trinity College Dublin
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作者:Easterly, William
作者单位:New York University