Land and Power: Theory and Evidence from Chile

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Baland, Jean-Marie; Robinson, James A.
• 署名单位: University of Namur; Harvard University
• 刊物名称: AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0002-8282
• DOI: 10.1257/aer.98.5.1737
• 发表日期: 2008
• 页码: 1737-1765
• 关键词: proportional representation; institutions; ELECTIONS; EVOLUTION; suffrage

摘要

Many employment relationships concede rents to workers. Depending on the political institutions, the presence of such rents allows employers to use the threat of withdrawing them to control their workers' political behavior, such as their votes in the absence of secret ballot. We examine the effects of the introduction of the secret ballot in Chile in 1958 on voting behavior. Before the reforms, localities with more pervasive patron-client relationships fended to exhibit a much stronger support for the right-wing parties, traditionally associated with the landed oligarchy. After the reform, however. this difference across localities completely disappeared.