-
作者：Amiti, Mary; Itskhoki, Oleg; Konings, Jozef
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York; Princeton University; KU Leuven; University of Ljubljana; University of Ljubljana
摘要：Large exporters are simultaneously large importers. We show that this pattern is key to understanding low aggregate exchange rate pass-through as well as the variation in pass-through across exporters. We develop a theoretical framework with variable markups and imported inputs, which predicts that firms with high import shares and high market shares have low exchange rate pass-through. We test and quantify the theoretical mechanism using Belgian firm-product-level data on imports and exports....
-
作者：Ashraf, Nava; Field, Erica; Lee, Jean
作者单位：Harvard University; Duke University; New York University
摘要：We posit that household decision-making over fertility is characterized by moral hazard since most contraception can only be perfectly observed by the woman. Using an experiment in Zambia that varied whether women were given access to contraceptives alone or with their husbands, we find that women given access with their husbands were 19 percent less likely to seek family planning services, 25 percent less likely to use concealable contraception, and 27 percent more likely to give birth. Howev...
-
作者：Dahl, Gordon B.; Loken, Katrine V.; Mogstad, Magne
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of Bergen; University of London; University College London
摘要：We estimate peer effects in paid paternity leave in Norway using a regression discontinuity design. Coworkers and brothers are 11 and 15 percentage points, respectively, more likely to take paternity leave if their peer was exogenously induced to take up leave. The most likely mechanism is information transmission, including increased knowledge of how an employer will react. The estimated peer effect snowballs over time, as the first peer interacts with a second peer, the second peer with a th...
-
作者：Armenter, Roc; Koren, Miklos
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Philadelphia; Central European University; HUN-REN; HUN-REN Centre for Economic & Regional Studies; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：Many of the facts about the extensive margin of trade-which firms export, and how many products are sent to how many destinations-are consistent with a surprisingly large class of trade models because of the sparse nature of trade data. We propose a statistical model to account for sparsity, formalizing the assignment of trade shipments to country, product, and firm categories as balls falling into bins. The balls-and-bins model quantitatively reproduces the pattern of zero product-and firm-le...
-
作者：Shigeoka, Hitoshi
作者单位：Simon Fraser University
摘要：This paper exploits a sharp reduction in patient cost sharing at age 70 in Japan, using a regression discontinuity design to examine its effect on utilization, health, and financial risk arising from out-of-pocket expenditures. Due to the national policy, cost sharing is 60-80 percent lower at age 70 than at age 69. I find that both outpatient and inpatient care are price sensitive among the elderly. While I find little impact on mortality and other health outcomes, the results show that reduc...
-
作者：Acconcia, Antonio; Corsetti, Giancarlo; Simonelli, Saverio
作者单位：University of Naples Federico II; University of Cambridge; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：A law issued to combat political corruption and Mafia infiltration of city councils in Italy has resulted in episodes of large, unanticipated, temporary contractions in local public spending. Using these episodes as instruments, we estimate the output multiplier of spending cuts at provincial level-controlling for national monetary and fiscal policy, and holding the tax burden of local residents constant-to be 1.5. Assuming that lagged spending is exogenous to current output brings the estimat...
-
作者：Bilir, L. Kamran
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Do intellectual property rights influence multinationals' manufacturing location decisions? My theoretical model indicates that countries with strong patent laws attract multinational activity, but only in sectors with relatively long product life cycles. By contrast, firms with short life-cycle technologies are insensitive, because offshore imitation is less likely to succeed before obsolescence. I document strong empirical regularities consistent with the model using a panel dataset on the g...
-
作者：Atakan, Alp E.; Ekmekci, Mehmet
作者单位：Koc University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
摘要：We study a uniform-price auction where k identical common-value objects are allocated amongst z > k bidders who have imperfect signals about the state of the world. The common valuation is determined jointly by the state and an action that is chosen after winning an object. In large auctions, there are symmetric equilibria where the auction price aggregates no information. Moreover, market statistics other than price (e.g., the amount of rationing or the bid distribution) contain extra informa...
-
作者：Heathcote, Jonathan; Storesletten, Kjetil; Violante, Giovanni L.
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Minneapolis; University of Oslo; New York University
摘要：We develop a model with partial insurance against idiosyncratic wage shocks to quantify risk sharing. Closed-form solutions are obtained for equilibrium allocations and for moments of the joint distribution of consumption, hours, and wages. We prove identification and demonstrate how labor supply data are informative about risk sharing. The model, estimated with US data over the period 1967-2006, implies that (i) 39 percent of permanent wage shocks pass through to consumption; (ii) the share o...
-
作者：Falck, Oliver; Gold, Robert; Heblich, Stephan
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Munich; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Leibniz Association; Institut fur Weltwirtschaft an der Universitat Kiel (IFW); University of Bristol; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) - India; CSIR - Structural Engineering Research Center (SERC)
摘要：This paper analyzes the effects on voting behavior of information disseminated over the Internet. We address endogeneity in Internet availability by exploiting regional and technological peculiarities of the preexisting voice telephony network that hindered the roll-out of fixed-line infrastructure for high-speed Internet. We find negative effects of Internet availability on voter turnout, which we relate to a crowding-out of TV consumption and increased entertainment consumption. We find no e...
