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作者：Hawkins, Amelia; Hollrah, Christopher; Miller, Sarah; Wherry, Laura r.; Aldana, Gloria; Wong, Mitchell
作者单位：Brandeis University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research; New York University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
摘要：The Supplemental Security Income program uses a birth weight cutoff at 1,200 grams to determine eligibility. Using birth certificates linked to administrative records, we find low-income families of infants born just below the cutoff receive higher monthly cash benefits (equal to 27 percent of family income) at ages 0-2 with smaller benefits continuing through age 10. Yet we detect no improvements in health care use and mortality in infancy, nor in health and human capital outcomes as observed...
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作者：Adukia, Anjali; Feigenberg, Benjamin; Momeni, Fatemeh
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; University of Chicago
摘要：School districts historically approached conflict resolution from the perspective that suspending disruptive students was necessary to protect their classmates, even if this caused harm to perceived offenders. Restorative practices (RP)-focusing on reparation, accountability, and shared ownership of disciplinary justice-are designed to address undesirable behavior without harming students. We study Chicago Public Schools' adoption of RP and find that suspensions and arrests decreased, driven b...
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作者：Atkeson, Andrew; Heathcote, Jonathan; Perri, Fabrizio
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Minneapolis
摘要：The US net foreign asset position declined sharply after 2007, reaching negative 60 percent of GDP by the third quarter of 2023. This deterioration primarily reflects a US-specific rise in corporate asset values that inflated the value of US equity liabilities to the rest of the world. To interpret these trends, we develop an international macro-finance model of flows, stocks, asset valuations, the current account, and the net foreign asset position. We find that the welfare impact of rising a...
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作者：Dechezlepretre, Antoine; Fabre, Adrien; Kruse, Tobias; Planterose, Bluebery; Chico, Ana sanchez; Stantcheva, Stefanie
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development (OECD); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Analysis Group Inc.; Harvard University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper explores global perceptions and understanding of climate change and policies, examining factors that influence support for climate action and the impact of different types of information. We conduct large-scale surveys with 40,000 respondents from 20 countries, providing new international data on attitudes toward climate change and respondents' socioeconomic backgrounds and lifestyles. We identify three key perceptions affecting policy support: perceived effectiveness of policies in...
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作者：Guo, Yingni; Shmaya, Eran
作者单位：Duke University; Northwestern University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University
摘要：We study how to regulate a monopolistic firm using a robust-design, non-Bayesian approach. We derive a policy that minimizes the regulator's worst-case regret, where regret is the difference between the regulator's complete-information payoff and his realized payoff. When the regulator's payoff is consumers' surplus, he caps the firm's average revenue. When his payoff is the total surplus of both consumers and the firm, he offers a piece rate subsidy to the firm while capping the total subsidy...
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作者：Horton, John J.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Firms posting job openings in an online labor market were randomly assigned minimum hourly wages. When facing a minimum wage, fewer firms hired, but those they did hire paid higher wages. Hours- worked fell substantially. Treated firms shifted to hiring more productive workers. Using the platform's imposition of a market-wide minimum wage after the experiment, I find that many of the experimental results also hold in equilibrium, including the substitution towards more productive workers. Howe...
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作者：Chyn, Eric; Daruich, Diego
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Southern California
摘要：This paper studies housing vouchers and urban redevelopment programs by incorporating neighborhood effects into a general equilibrium overlapping-generations model with endogenous location choice and child development. We calibrate the model using US data and estimate impacts of large-scale implementations of rental voucher and place-based subsidy policies. Our core finding is that vouchers generate long-run welfare gains by reducing inequality and generating skill improvements that offset hig...
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作者：Szeidl, Adam; Szucs, Ferenc
摘要：We model populism as the dissemination of a false alternative reality, according to which the intellectual elite conspires against the populist for purely ideological reasons. If enough voters are receptive to it, this alternative reality-by discrediting the elite's truthful message-reduces political accountability. Elite criticism, because it is more consistent with the alternative reality, strengthens receptive voters' support for the populist. Alternative realities are endogenously conspira...
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作者：Antolin-Diaz, Juan; Surico, Paolo
作者单位：University of London; London Business School; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Military spending has large and persistent effects on output because it shifts the composition of public spending toward R&D. This boosts innovation and private investment in the medium term and increases productivity and GDP at longer horizons. Public R&D expenditure stimulates economic activities beyond the business cycle even when it is not associated with war spending. In contrast, the effects of public investment are shorter-lived, while public consumption has a modest impact at most hori...
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作者：Haddad, Valentin; Moreira, Alan; Muir, Tyler
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Rochester
摘要：At the announcement of a new policy, agents form a view of state-contingent policy actions and impact. We develop a method to estimate this state-contingent perception and implement it for many asset-purchase interventions worldwide. Expectations of larger support in bad states-policy puts-explain a large fraction of the announcements' impact. For example, when the Fed introduced purchases of corporate bonds in March 2020, markets expected five times more price support had conditions worsened ...
