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作者：Hermo, Santiago; Paallysaho, Miika; Seim, David; Shapiro, Jesse M.
作者单位：Brown University; Stockholm University; Uppsala University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：A large literature in cognitive science studies the puzzling Flynn effect of rising fluid intelligence (reasoning skill) in rich countries. We develop an economic model in which a cohort's mix of skills is determined by different skills' relative returns in the labor market and by the technology for producing skills. We estimate the model using administrative data from Sweden. Combining data from exams taken at military enlistment with earnings records from the tax register, we document an inc...
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作者：Acemoglu, Daron; De Feo, Giuseppe; De Luca, Giacomo; Russo, Gianluca
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Leicester; Free University of Bozen-Bolzano; Pompeu Fabra University
摘要：The recent ascent of right-wing populist movements in several countries has rekindled interest in understanding the causes of the rise of fascism in the interwar years. In this article, we argue that there was a strong link between the surge of support for the Socialist Party after World War I and the subsequent emergence of fascism in Italy. We first develop a source of variation in socialist support across Italian municipalities in the 1919 election based on war casualties from the area. We ...
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作者：Dustmann, Christian; Lindner, Attila; Schonberg, Uta; Umkehrer, Matthias; vom Berge, Philipp
作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University College London; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; HUN-REN; HUN-REN Centre for Economic & Regional Studies; University of London; University College London; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We investigate the wage, employment, and reallocation effects of the introduction of a nationwide minimum wage in Germany that affected 15% of all employees. Based on identification designs that exploit variation in exposure across individuals and local areas, we find that the minimum wage raised wages but did not lower employment. It also led to the reallocation of low-wage workers from smaller to larger, from lower- to higher-paying, and from less to more productive establishments. This work...
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作者：Akcigit, Ufuk; Grigsby, John; Nicholas, Tom; Stantcheva, Stefanie
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Northwestern University; Harvard University; Harvard University
摘要：This article studies the effect of corporate and personal taxes on innovation in the United States over the twentieth century. We build a panel of the universe of inventors who patented since 1920, and a historical state-level corporate tax database with corporate tax rates and tax base information, which we link to existing data on state-level personal income taxes and other economic outcomes. Our analysis focuses on the effect of personal and corporate income taxes on individual inventors (t...
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作者：Feigenberg, Benjamin; Miller, Conrad
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：During traffic stops, police search black and Hispanic motorists more than twice as often as white motorists, yet those searches are no more likely to yield contraband. We ask whether equalizing search rates by motorist race would reduce contraband yield. We use unique administrative data from Texas to isolate variation in search behavior across and within highway patrol troopers and find that search rates are unrelated to the proportion of searches that yield contraband. We find that troopers...
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作者：Gray-Lobe, Guthrie; Pathak, Parag A.; Walters, Christopher R.
作者单位：University of Chicago; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We use admissions lotteries to estimate the effects of large-scale public preschool in Boston on college-going, college preparation, standardized test scores, and behavioral outcomes. Preschool enrollment boosts college attendance as well as SAT test taking and high school graduation. Preschool also decreases high school disciplinary measures including juvenile incarceration, but has no detectable effect on state achievement test scores. An analysis of subgroups shows that effects on college e...
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作者：Li, Xiaomin; Camerer, Colin F.
作者单位：California Institute of Technology
摘要：Bottom-up stimulus-driven visual salience is largely automatic, effortless, and independent of a person's top-down perceptual goals; it depends only on features of a visual stimulus. Algorithms have been carefully trained to predict stimulus-driven salience values for each pixel in any image. The economic question we address is whether these salience values help explain economic decisions. Our first experimental analysis shows that when people pick between sets of fruits that have artificially...
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作者：Gumpert, Anna; Steimer, Henrike; Antoni, Manfred
作者单位：University of Munich; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：We show theoretically and empirically that the managerial organization of multiestablishment firms is interdependent across establishments. To derive our result, we study the effect of geographic frictions on firm organization. In our model, we assume that a CEO's time is a resource in limited supply, shared across headquarters and establishments. Geographic frictions increase the costs of accessing the CEO. Hiring middle managers at one establishment substitutes for CEO time, which is realloc...
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作者：Avenancio-Leon, Carlos F.; Howard, Troup
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
摘要：We document a nationwide assessment gap that leads local governments to place a disproportionate fiscal burden on racial and ethnic minorities. We show that holding taxing jurisdictions and property tax rates fixed, Black and Hispanic residents face a 10%-13% higher tax burden for the same bundle of public services. We decompose this disparity into between- and within-neighborhood components and find that just over half of it arises between neighborhoods. We then present evidence on mechanisms...
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作者：BYRNE, D. A. V. I. D. P.; MARTIN, L. E. S. L. I. E. A.; NAH, J. I. A. S. H. E. E. N.
作者单位：University of Melbourne
摘要：We use a field experiment to study price discrimination in a market with price posting and negotiation. Motivated by concerns that low-income consumers do poorly in markets with privately negotiated prices, we built a call center staffed with actors armed with bargaining scripts to reveal negotiated prices and their determinants. Our actors implement sequential bargaining games under incomplete information in the field. By experimentally manipulating how information is revealed, we generate se...
