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作者：Colussi, Tommaso; Isphording, Ingo E.; Pestel, Nico
作者单位：Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; IZA Institute Labor Economics; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We investigate how the salience of an ethnic minority affects the majority group's voting behavior. We use the increased salience of Muslim communities during Ramadan as a natural experiment. Exploiting exogenous variation in the distance of election dates to Ramadan over the 1980-2013 period in Germany, our findings reveal an increased polarization. Vote shares for both right- and left-wing extremist parties increase in municipalities with mosques when an election takes place shortly after Ra...
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作者：Benzell, Seth G.; Cooke, Kevin
作者单位：Chapman University System; Chapman University
摘要：We construct a database linking European royal kinship networks, monarchies, and wars to study the effect of family ties on conflict. To establish causality, we exploit decreases in connection caused by apolitical deaths of rulers' mutual relatives. These deaths are associated with substantial increases in the frequency and duration of war. We provide evidence that these deaths affect conflict only through changing the kinship network. Over our period of interest, the percentage of European mo...
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作者：Fadlon, Itzik; Nielsen, Torben Heien
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Copenhagen
摘要：We provide new evidence on households' labor supply responses to fatal and severe nonfatal health shocks in the short run and medium run. To identify causal effects, we leverage administrative data on Danish families and construct counterfactuals using households that experience the same event a few years apart. Fatal events lead to considerable increases in surviving spouses' labor supply, which the evidence suggests is driven by families who experience significant income losses. Nonfatal sho...
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作者：Gao, Pei; Lei, Yu-Hsiang
作者单位：New York University; NYU Shanghai; Yale NUS College
摘要：This paper exploits a unique historical setting-the expansion of the telegraph network in nineteenth-century China when railroads were limited-to examine whether the reduction of information frictions stabilizes grain prices. Employing a difference-in-difference (DID) strategy, we find that the telegraph access (i) reduced both the magnitude and the incidence of extreme prices; (ii) mitigated price responses to local weather shocks but increased the responsiveness to shocks in other telegraph-...
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作者：Keller, Wolfgang; Shiue, Carol H.; Wang, Xin
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Peking University
摘要：Based on comprehensive grain price data, we employ a storage model to estimate consistent interest rates and compare capital market development between Britain and China. Interest rates for Britain were lower than China's on average by about 3 percentage points from 1770 to 1860. For country pairs with bilateral distance less than 200 kilometers, the regional capital market integration in the Yangzi Delta in China comes close to the British average; but at larger distances, spatial interest ra...
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作者：Chu, Jian; Fisman, Raymond; Tan, Songtao; Wang, Yongxiang
作者单位：Nanjing University; Boston University; Renmin University of China; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen; Shanghai Jiao Tong University
摘要：Audits are a standard mechanism for reducing corruption in government investments. The quality of audits themselves, however, may be affected by relationships between auditor and target. We study whether provincial chief auditors in China show greater leniency in evaluating prefecture governments in their hometowns. In city-fixed-effect specifications-in which the role of shared background is identified from auditor turnover-we show that hometown auditors find 38 percent less in questionable m...
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作者：Emran, M. Shahe; Mookherjee, Dilip; Shilpi, Forhad; Uddin, M. Helal
作者单位：Columbia University; Boston University; The World Bank; University of Dhaka
摘要：Traders are often blamed for high prices, prompting government regulation. We study the effects of a government ban of a layer of financing intermediaries in edible oil supply chain in Bangladesh during 2011-2012. Contrary to the predictions of a standard model of an oligopolistic supply chain, the ban caused downstream wholesale and retail prices to rise, and pass-through of the changes in imported crude oil price to fall. These results can be explained by an extension of the standard model t...
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作者：Stuart, Bryan A.; Taylor, Evan J.
作者单位：George Washington University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Arizona
摘要：This paper studies how birth town migration networks affected long-run location decisions during historical US migration episodes. We develop a new method to estimate the strength of migration networks for each receiving and sending location. Our estimates imply that when one randomly chosen African American moved from a Southern birth town to a destination county, then 1.9 additional Black migrants made the same move on average. For White migrants from the Great Plains, the average is only 0....
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作者：Angrist, Joshua D.; Caldwell, Sydnee; Hall, Jonathan, V
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); IZA Institute Labor Economics; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Uber Technologies, Inc.
摘要：Rideshare drivers pay a proportion of their fares to a ride-hailing platform operator, a commission-based compensation model used by many service providers. To Uber drivers, this commission is known as the Uber fee. By contrast, traditional taxi drivers in most US cities make a fixed payment independent of their earnings, usually a weekly or daily medallion lease, keeping every fare dollar net of lease costs and other expenses. We assess these compensation models using an experiment that offer...
