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作者：Ho, Daniel E.; Ashwood, Zoe C.; Handan-Nader, Cassandra
作者单位：Stanford University; Princeton University; Stanford University
摘要：The case of restaurant hygiene grading occupies a central role in information disclosure scholarship. Comparing Los Angeles, which enacted grading in 1998, with California from 1995-1999, Jin and Leslie (2003) found that grading reduced foodborne illness hospitalizations by 20 percent. Expanding hospitalization data and collecting new data on mandatorily reported illnesses, we show that this finding does not hold up under improvements to the original data and methodology. The largest salmonell...
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作者：Figlio, David; Giuliano, Paola; Ozek, Umut; Sapienza, Paola
作者单位：Northwestern University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; American Institutes for Research; Northwestern University
摘要：We study the role of Long-Term Orientation on the educational attainment of immigrant students. Controlling for the quality of schools and socioeconomic characteristics, students from long-term oriented cultures perform better in third grade reading and math, have larger test score gains over time, fewer absences and disciplinary incidents, are less likely to repeat grades, more likely to enroll in advanced high school courses, and are more likely to graduate from high school in four years. Ev...
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作者：Lee, Jonathan; Taylor, Laura O.
作者单位：University of North Carolina; East Carolina University; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：The value of a statistical life (VSL) is a critical driver of estimated benefits for federal policies designed to improve human health, safety, and environmental exposures. The vast majority of empirical evidence on the magnitude of the VSL arises from hedonic wage models that have been plagued by measurement error and omitted variables. To address these limitations, this paper employs randomly assigned workplace safety inspections to instrument for plant-level risks in a quasi-experimental de...
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作者：Andersson, Julius J.
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This quasi-experimental study is the first to find a significant causal effect of carbon taxes on emissions, empirically analyzing the implementation of a carbon tax and a value-added tax on transport fuel in Sweden. After implementation, carbon dioxide emissions from transport declined almost 11 percent, with the largest share due to the carbon tax alone, relative to a synthetic control unit constructed from a comparable group of OECD countries. Furthermore, the carbon tax elasticity of deman...
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作者：Richards, Michael R.; Tello-Trillo, D. Sebastian
作者单位：Baylor University; Baylor University; University of Virginia
摘要：Managed care is rebounding as more emphasis is placed on cost containment. These efforts may benefit consumers but challenge providers; however, empirical evidence on how supply-side managed care influences physicians is incomplete. We leverage a quasi-experiment3 in which a commercial insurer imposed a new contract regime on behavioral health providers in response to recent policy shifts. We demonstrate spillovers in the form of negative effects on local physician supply and positive effects ...
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作者：Carrell, Scott E.; Hoekstra, Mark; West, James E.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Baylor University
摘要：This paper estimates the impact of racially diverse peers on white males' subsequent behavior toward minorities. To overcome selection bias, we exploit data from the US Air Force Academy where students are randomly assigned to autonomous peer groups. A randomly assigned increase in freshman black peer ability causes white men to more frequently choose a black roommate in their sophomore year, after reassignment to a new peer group with a different set of black peers. We also find increased exp...
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作者：Jin, Ginger Zhe; Leslie, Phillip
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：Ho, Ashwood, and Handan-Nader (forthcoming) replicates table VI of fin and Leslie (2003) but questions its research design. Robustness checks support our original conclusion-foodborne hospitalizations, as defined in JL, declined in Los Angeles County (LA) relative to the rest of California (CA) after LA adopted restaurant hygiene grade cards in 1998. More precisely, the decline in LA is pronounced against central and Northern CA, but insignificant when compared with the rest of Southern CA. On...
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作者：Angelucci, Manuela; Prina, Silvia; Royer, Heather; Samek, Anya
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Northeastern University; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Southern California
摘要：Little is known about how peers influence the impact of incentives. We study how peers' actions and incentives can lead to peer spillover effects. Using a field experiment on snack choice in the school lunchroom (choice of grapes versus cookies), we randomize who receives incentives, the fraction of peers incentivized, and whether or not it can be observed that peers' choices are incentivized. We show that, while peers' actions of picking grapes have a positive spillover effect on children's t...
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作者：Barfort, Sebastian; Harmon, Nikolaj A.; Hjorth, Frederik; Olsen, Asmus Leth
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; University of Copenhagen
摘要：We study the role of self-selection into public service in sustaining honesty in the public sector Focusing on the world's least corrupt country, Denmark, we use a survey experiment to document strong self-selection of more honest individuals into public service. This result differs sharply from existing findings from more corrupt settings. Differences in pro-social versus pecuniary motivation appear central to the observed selection pattern. Dishonest individuals are more pecuniarily motivate...
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作者：Deshpande, Manasi; Li, Yue
作者单位：University of Chicago; State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Albany, SUNY
摘要：We study the effect of application costs on the targeting of disability programs. We identify these effects using the closings of Social Security Administration field offices, which provide assistance with filing disability applications. Closings lead to a persistent 16 percent decline in the number of disability recipients in surrounding areas, with the largest effects for applicants with moderately severe conditions and low education levels. Disability applications fall by only 10 percent, i...
