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作者：Martinez, Luis R.; Jessen, JoNAS; Xu, Guo
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This paper exploits the idiosyncratic line of contact separating Allied and Soviet troops within East Germany at the end of WWII to study political resistance in a non-democracy. When Nazi Germany surrendered, 40 percent of what would become the authoritarian German Democratic Republic was initially under Allied control but was ceded to Soviet control less than two months later. Brief Allied exposure increased protests during the major 1953 uprising. We use novel data on the appointment of loc...
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作者：LoPalo, Melissa
作者单位：Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman
摘要：This paper estimates the impact of daily weather on worker produc-tivity by using household survey data to study interviewers. Using data from over 9,000 Demographic and Health Surveys interviewers in 46 countries, I find that interviewers complete 13.6 percent fewer interviews per hour on the hottest and most humid days. Workers maintain the same total output by starting earlier in the day and spending more time on each interview at the expense of spending more hours in the field with the sam...
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作者：Herbst, Daniel
作者单位：University of Arizona
摘要：In the United States, most student loans follow a fixed payment sched-ule that falls early in borrowers' careers. This structure provides no insurance against earnings risk and may increase student loan defaults. Income-driven repayment (IDR) plans are designed to help distressed student borrowers by lowering their monthly payments to a share of income. Using random variation in a loan servicer's automatic dialing system, I find that IDR reduces delinquencies by 22 percentage points and decrea...
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作者：Hungerman, Daniel; Moorthy, Vivek
作者单位：University of Notre Dame; National Bureau of Economic Research; College of the Holy Cross
摘要：We use variation in weather to study the long-term effects of activism during the original Earth Day on attitudes, environmental outcomes, and children's health. Unusually bad weather on April 22, 1970 is associated with weaker support for the environment 10 to 20 years later, particularly among those who were school aged in 1970. Bad weather on Earth Day is also associated with higher levels of carbon monoxide in the air and greater risk of congenital abnormalities in infants born in the foll...
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作者：Abramitzky, Ran; Ager, Philipp; Boustan, Leah; Cohen, Elior; Hansen, Casper W.
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Mannheim; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Princeton University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Kansas City; University of Copenhagen
摘要：In the 1920s, the United States substantially reduced immigration by imposing country-specific entry quotas. We compare local labor markets differentially exposed to the quotas due to variation in the national-origin mix of their immigrant population. US-born work-ers in areas losing immigrants did not benefit relative to workers in less exposed areas. Instead, in urban areas, European immigrants were replaced with internal migrants and immigrants from Mexico and Canada. By contrast, farmers s...
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作者：Szerman, C. H. R. I. S. T. I. A. N. E.
作者单位：Princeton University
摘要：This paper studies an anticorruption policy-corporate debarment, or blacklisting-to understand how disclosing illicit corporate practices and the sanctions for these practices affect firm and worker outcomes. Exploiting a policy change in Brazil that imposed stricter penalties for corrupt firms, I find that debarment is associated with a sizable decline in employment and an increase in the probability of exiting the formal sector. I also document that workers' annual earnings fall after debarm...
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作者：Black, Sandra E.; Denning, Jeffrey T.; Rothstein, Jesse
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; Columbia University; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Brigham Young University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We use the introduction of the Texas Top Ten Percent rule to esti-mate the effect of access to a selective college on graduation and earnings outcomes for two groups of students. For highly ranked students at more disadvantaged high schools, who gained access under the policy, college enrollment and graduation increased. Less highly ranked students at more advantaged schools, who tended to lose access, shifted toward less-selective colleges under the pol-icy, but did not see declines in overal...
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作者：San, Shmuel
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：This paper studies the impact of labor supply on the creation of new technology, exploiting a large exogenous shock to the US agricultural labor supply caused by the termination of the Bracero agreements between the US and Mexico at the end of 1964. Using a text-search algorithm allocating patents to crops, I show a negative labor-supply shock induced a sharp increase in innovation in technologies related to more affected crops. The effect is stronger for technology related to labor-intensive ...
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作者：Ginja, Rita; Karimi, Arizo; Xiao, Pengpeng
作者单位：University of Bergen; Uppsala University; Duke University
摘要：Search frictions make worker turnover costly to firms. A three-month parental leave expansion in Sweden provides exogenous variation that we use to quantify firms' adjustment costs upon worker absence. The reform increased women's leave duration and likelihood of separating from pre-birth employers. Firms with greater exposure to the reform hired additional workers and increased coworkers to make it coworkers' hours, incurring wage costs corresponding to 10 full-time equivalent months in addit...
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作者：Dahl, Gordon B.; Rooth, Dan-Olof; Stenberg, Anders
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); National Bureau of Economic Research; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); IZA Institute Labor Economics; Stockholm University; Linnaeus University
摘要：We study how high school majors affect adult earnings using a regression discontinuity design. In Sweden students are admitted to majors in tenth grade based on their preference rankings and ninth grade GPA. We find engineering, natural science, and business majors yield higher earnings than social science and humanities, with major-specific returns also varying based on next-best alter-natives. There is either a zero or a negative return to completing an academic program for students with a s...
