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作者：Chakravorty, U. J. J. A. Y. A. N. T.; Dar, Manzoor h.; Emerick, K. Y. L. E.
作者单位：Tufts University; CGIAR; International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid-Tropics (ICRISAT); Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Farmers often buy water using fixed fees-rather than with marginal prices. We use two randomized controlled trials in Bangladesh to study the relationship between marginal prices, adoption of a water-saving technology, and water usage. Our first experiment shows that the technology only saves water when farmers face marginal prices. Our second experiment finds that an encouragement to voluntarily convert to hourly pumping charges does not save water. Taken together, efforts to conserve water w...
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作者：Goldberg, J. E. S. S. I. C. A.; Macis, M. A. R. I. O.; Chintagunta, P. R. A. D. E. E. P.
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Johns Hopkins University; University of Chicago
摘要：We study whether and how peer referrals increase screening, testing, and identification of patients with tuberculosis, an infectious disease responsible for over one million deaths annually. In an experiment with 3,176 patients at 122 tuberculosis treatment centers in India, we find that small financial incentives raise the probability that existing patients refer prospective patients for screening and testing, result-ing in cost-effective identification of new cases. Incentivized referrals op...
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作者：LE Barbanchon, Thomas; Ubfal, Diego; Araya, Federico
作者单位：Bocconi University; The World Bank
摘要：Does working while in school smooth students' transition into the labor market? We provide evidence on this question by leveraging a one-year work-study program that randomized job offers among over 90,000 student applicants in Uruguay. Program rules forbade employers from employing participants in the same job after program completion, and less than 5 percent of participants ever worked in the same firm again. Two years after the program, participants had 8 percent higher earnings. Our result...
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作者：Baylis, P. A. T. R. I. C. K.; Boomhower, J. U. D. S. O. N.
作者单位：University of British Columbia; University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This study measures the degree to which public expenditures on wildfire protection subsidize development in harm's way. We use administrative data on firefighting expenditures to measure the causal effect of nearby homes on the amount spent to extinguish wildfires. We use these estimates in an actuarial calculation yielding geographically differentiated expected implicit subsidies for homes across the western United States. The expected net present value of this subsidy can exceed 20 percent o...
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作者：Van Doornik, Bernardus; Schoenherr, David; Skrastins, Janis
作者单位：Princeton University; Washington University (WUSTL)
摘要：Exploiting an unemployment insurance reform in Brazil, we study incentive effects of UI in the presence of informal labor markets. We find that eligibility for UI benefits increases formal layoffs by 11 percent. Most of the additional layoffs are related to workers transi-tioning to informal employment. We further document formal layoff and recall patterns consistent with rent extraction from the UI sys-tem. Workers are laid off as they become eligible for UI benefits and recalled when benefit...
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作者：Massenkoff, M. A. X. I. M.; Wilmers, N. A. T. H. A. N.
作者单位：United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; Naval Postgraduate School; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Using new establishment-by-occupation microdata, we show that the use of discretionary wage setting significantly expanded in the 1970s and 1980s. Increasingly, wages for blue-collar workers were not standardized by job title or seniority but instead subject to managerial discretion. When establishments abandoned standardized pay rates, wages fell, particularly for the lowest-paid workers in a job and for those in establishments that previously paid above market rates. This shift away from sta...
