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作者：Siegloch, Sebastian; Wehrhoefer, Nils; Etzel, Tobias
作者单位：University of Cologne; Leibniz Association; Zentrum fur Europaische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW); Deutsche Bundesbank
摘要：We analyze the effects of a large place-based policy, subsidizing up to 50 percent of the investment costs of East German manufacturing plants. We show that a 1 percentage point decrease in subsidy rate leads to a 1 percent decrease in manufacturing employment. We document important local spillovers for the untreated construction and retail sectors, counties connected via trade, and local tax rates. There is no evidence for regional reallocation, within-irm spillover, or changes in commuting a...
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作者：Briole, Simon; Gurgand, Marc; Maurin, Eric; McNally, Sandra; Ruiz-Valenzuela, Jenifer; Santin, Daniel
作者单位：Universite de Montpellier; Paris School of Economics; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Surrey; University of Barcelona; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Complutense University of Madrid
摘要：This paper shows that schools can foster the transmission of civic virtues by helping students to develop concrete, democratically chosen, collective projects. We draw on an RCT implemented in 200 middle schools in three countries. The program leads students to conduct citizenship projects in their communities under the supervision of teachers trained in the intervention. The intervention caused a decline in absenteeism and disciplinary sanctions at school, alongside improved academic achievem...
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作者：Blundell, Jack; Duchini, Emma; Simion, Stefania; Turrell, Arthur
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Essex; University of Bristol; Bank of England
摘要：Since 2018, UK firms with at least 250 employees have been mandated to publicly disclose gender equality indicators. Exploiting variations in this mandate across firm size and time, we show that pay transparency closes 19 percent of the gender pay gap by reducing men's pay growth. By combining different sources of data, we also provide suggestive evidence that the public availability of the equality indicators enhances public scrutiny. In turn, employers more exposed to public scrutiny seem to...
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作者：Cherniwchan, Jevan; Najjar, Nouri
作者单位：McMaster University; Western University (University of Western Ontario)
摘要：We test the hypothesis that governments alter environmental policy in response to trade by studying NAFTA's effects on the formation of environmental policy in the US House of Representatives between 1990 and 2000. We find that reductions in US tariffs decreased political support for environmental legislation. This decrease appears to be due to (i) a reduction in support by incumbent Republican legislators in response to trade-induced changes in the policy preferences of their constituents and...
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作者：Pairolero, Nicholas A.; Toole, Andrew A.; Pappas, Peter-Anthony; de Grazia, Charles A. W.; Teodorescu, Mike H. M.
作者单位：University of Washington
摘要：Analyzing a randomized control trial at the United States Patent and Trademark Office that was designed to provide additional help to applicants who do not have legal representation, we find heterogeneous causal impacts across inventor gender, driven primarily by an increase in successful negotiations by women inventor teams via the use of examiner's amendments. While both men and women applicants benefited, the probability of obtaining a patent was over 12 percentage points greater for women....
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作者：Sager, Lutz; Singer, Gregor
作者单位：ESSEC Business School; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We assess the US Clean Air Act standards for fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Using high-resolution data, we find that the 2005 regulation reduced PM2.5 levels by 0.4 mu g/m3 over five years, with larger effects in more polluted areas. Standard difference-in-differences overstates these effects by a factor of three because time trends differ by baseline pollution, a bias we overcome with three alternative approaches. We show that the regulation contributed to narrowing Urban-Rural and Black-Wh...
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作者：Briole, Simon; Gurgand, Marc; Maurin, Eric; McNally, Sandra; Ruiz-valenzuela, Jenifer; Santin, Daniel
作者单位：Universite de Montpellier; Paris School of Economics; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Surrey; University of Barcelona; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Complutense University of Madrid
摘要：This paper shows that schools can foster the transmission of civic virtues by helping students to develop concrete, democratically chosen, collective projects. We draw on an RCT implemented in 200 middle schools in three countries. The program leads students to conduct citizenship projects in their communities under the supervision of teachers trained in the intervention. The intervention caused a decline in absenteeism and disciplinary sanctions at school, alongside improved academic achievem...
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作者：Sabet, Navid; Liebald, Marius; Friebel, Guido
作者单位：Goethe University Frankfurt; Uppsala University; Goethe University Frankfurt; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We document that right-wing terrorism leads to significant increases in vote share for the right-wing, populist AfD (Alternative f & uuml;r Deutschland) party in Germany. To identify causal effects, we exploit quasi-random variation between successful and failed attacks across municipalities. Using the SOEP, a longitudinal panel of individuals, we find successful terror leads individuals to prefer the AfD and worry about migration. Political parties-the AfD in particular- adjust their messagin...
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作者：Edwards, Ashley; Ortagus, Justin; Smith, Jonathan; Smythe, Andria
作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; Howard University
摘要：Using data from nearly 1.2 million Black SAT takers, we find that students initially enrolling in a historically Black college and university (HBCU) are 14.6 percentage points more likely to earn a bachelor's degree and, around age 30, have 5 percent higher household income and $12,000 more in student loan balances than those who do not enroll in an HBCU. We find that results are largely driven by an increased likelihood of completing a degree from relatively broad-access HBCUs in lieu of a tw...
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作者：Hansen-lewis, Jamie; Marcus, Michelle
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; Vanderbilt University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Maritime shipping emits as much fine particulate matter as half of global road traffic. We are the first to measure the consequences of US maritime emissions standards on air quality, human health, racial exposure disparities, and behavior. The introduction of US maritime emissions control areas significantly decreased fine particulate matter, low birth weight, and infant mortality. Yet, only about half of the forecasted fine particulate matter abatement was achieved by the policy. We show evi...
