Uncharted Waters: Effects of Maritime Emission Regulation

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Hansen-lewis, Jamie; Marcus, Michelle
• 署名单位: University of California System; University of California Davis; Vanderbilt University; National Bureau of Economic Research
• 刊物名称: AMERICAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL-ECONOMIC POLICY
• ISSN/ISSBN: 1945-7731
• DOI: 10.1257/pol.20220626
• 发表日期: 2025
• 页码: 37-69
• 关键词: air-pollution; infant health; environmental justice; avoidance-behavior; ship emissions; mortality; impacts; MARKET; birth

摘要

Maritime shipping emits as much fine particulate matter as half of global road traffic. We are the first to measure the consequences of US maritime emissions standards on air quality, human health, racial exposure disparities, and behavior. The introduction of US maritime emissions control areas significantly decreased fine particulate matter, low birth weight, and infant mortality. Yet, only about half of the forecasted fine particulate matter abatement was achieved by the policy. We show evidence consistent with behavioral responses among ship operators, other polluters, and individuals that muted the policy's impact, but were not incorporated in ex ante models.