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作者：Hassan, Hashibul; Islam, Asad; Siddique, Abu; Wang, Liang Choon
作者单位：Monash University; University of London; Royal Holloway University London; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Monash University
摘要：Using a randomised experiment in 200 Bangladeshi villages, we evaluate the impact of an over-the-phone learning support intervention (telementoring) among primary school children and their mothers during Covid-19 school closures. Post-intervention, treated children scored 35% higher on a standardised test, and the homeschooling involvement of treated mothers increased by 22 minutes per day (26%). We also found that the intervention forestalled treated children's learning losses. When we return...
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作者：Johnen, Johannes; Somogyi, Robert
作者单位：Universite Catholique Louvain; Budapest University of Technology & Economics; HUN-REN; HUN-REN Centre for Economic & Regional Studies
摘要：Many products sold on online platforms have additional features like fees for services, shipping, luggage, upgrades, and so on. We study when a two-sided platform shrouds additional features towards potentially naive buyers. We explore a novel mechanism according to which platforms shroud to manipulate network externalities between buyers and sellers. Exploring this mechanism, we argue the advent of online marketplaces led to less transparent markets. First, platforms have stronger incentives ...
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作者：Lavy, Victor; Schlosser, Analia; Shany, Adi
作者单位：University of Warwick; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Tel Aviv University; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：This paper investigates the effects of immigration from a developing country to a developed country during pregnancy on offspring outcomes. We focus on intermediate- and long-term outcomes, using quasi-experimental variation created by the immigration of Ethiopian Jews to Israel in May 1991. Individuals conceived before immigration experienced dramatic changes in their environmental conditions at different stages of prenatal development depending on their gestational age at migration. We find ...
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作者：Balke, Nathan S.; Jin, Xin; Yucel, Mine
作者单位：Southern Methodist University; University of Aberdeen; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Dallas; Southern Methodist University
摘要：We build and estimate a dynamic, structural model of the world oil market to quantify the impact of the shale revolution. We model the shale revolution as a decrease in shale production costs and find that the resultant increase in shale production lowers oil prices by 24% in the short run and 48% once the shale oil transition is complete. Current oil price volatility is lowered by 8% to 23% depending on the horizon. We also find that OPEC core acts to keep its market share constant in the fac...
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作者：Besley, Timothy; Dray, Sacha
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This paper explores the link between trust in government, policymaking and compliance. It focuses on a specific channel whereby citizens who are convinced of the merits of a policy are more motivated to comply with it. This, in turn, reduces the government's cost of implementing this policy and may also increase the set of feasible interventions. As a result, state effectiveness is greater when citizens trust their government. The paper discusses alternative approaches to modelling the origins...
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作者：Ershov, Daniel; Morales, Juan S.
作者单位：Wilfrid Laurier University
摘要：On 20 October 2020, prior to the US presidential election, Twitter modified its user interface for sharing social media posts. In an effort to reduce the spread of misinformation on the platform, the new interface nudged users to be thoughtful about the content they were sharing. Using data on over 160,000 tweets by US news media outlets, we show that this policy significantly reduced news sharing, but that the reductions varied heterogeneously by political slant: sharing of content fell signi...
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作者：Salant, Stephen W.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：This article presents examples of arbitrage deterrence from the pharmaceutical, chemical and auto industries. Based on these cases, it develops two models where a monopolist prices and spends to deter arbitrage. The models differ in whether the lower price is set by the firm or negotiated with a representative of consumers. In both models, imports into the high-price market are completely deterred, but the two markets are nonetheless linked by the threat of arbitrage. If this linkage is ignore...
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作者：Bouton, Laurent; Castanheira, Micael; Drazen, Allan
作者单位：Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Georgetown University; Georgetown University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Universite Libre de Bruxelles; Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：Popular and academic discussions have mostly concentrated on large donors, even though small donors are a major source of financing for political campaigns. We propose a theory of small donors with a key novelty: it centres on the interactions between small donors and the parties' fundraising strategy. In equilibrium, parties micro-target donors with a higher contribution potential (that is, richer and with more intense preferences) and increase their total fundraising effort in close races. T...
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作者：Squires, Munir
作者单位：University of British Columbia
摘要：This paper documents strong pressure to share income faced by entrepreneurs in a developing country setting. This 'kinship tax' can distort productive decisions, including investment. A lab experiment with 361 Kenyan entrepreneurs reveals that a third of them face distortionary pressure to share income. This kinship tax is higher for men, and increasing in entrepreneurial ability. Using a pre-existing randomised cash transfer experiment, I find that only male entrepreneurs who do not face dist...
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作者：Boucher, Stephen R.; Carter, Michael R.; Flatnes, Jon Einar; Lybbert, Travis J.; Malacarne, Jonathan G.; Mareyna, Paswel P.; Paul, Laura A.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Cape Town; University of Maine System; University of Maine Orono; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
摘要：Using a multi-year, spatially diversified randomised controlled trial spanning two African countries, this paper explores whether a complementary bundle of genetic and financial technologies can boost the resilience and productivity of small-scale farmers. The analysis shows that both moderate droughts and more severe yield losses undermine the resilience of control-group households, and that these shocks have long-lasting effects as farmers invest and produce less following shocks. Severe yie...
