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作者：Cox, Loreto; Eyzaguirre, Sylvia; Gallego, Francisco A.; Garcia, Maximiliano
作者单位：Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Brown University
摘要：This paper explores the electoral effects of providing information on the educational outcomes of municipal schools when the mayor is running for reelection. We designed and implemented an experiment in Chile whereby we sent 128,033 letters to voters in 400 randomly selected polling stations prior to the 2016 municipal elections. The letters included information on past test scores for local public schools (levels and changes), and either average or maximum outcomes for comparable municipaliti...
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作者：Mehmood, Sultan; Naseer, Shaheen; Chen, Daniel L.
作者单位：New Economic School; University of Oxford; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
摘要：Randomizing different schools of thought in training altruism finds that training junior deputy ministers in the utility of empathy renders at least a 0.4 standard deviation increase in altruism. Treated ministers increased their perspective-taking: blood donations doubled, but only when blood banks requested their exact blood type. Perspective-taking in strategic dilemmas improved. Field measures such as orphanage visits and volunteering in impoverished schools also increased, as did their te...
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作者：Bharati, Tushar; Jetter, Michael; Malik, Muhammad Nauman
作者单位：University of Western Australia; University of Western Australia; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Why do different types of information and communications technologies (ICTs) differentially relate to civil conflict incidence? We distinguish one-way (radio; television) from two-way ICTs (phone; internet; social media), contrasting technologies enabling one -directional broadcasting against technologies facilitating dialogue. The former predominantly allow rulers to misinform rebels about attainable rents, which, according to our theoretical framework, consequentially reduces conflict potent...
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作者：Berlanda, Andrea; Cervellati, Matteo; Esposito, Elena; Rohner, Dominic; Sunde, Uwe
作者单位：University of Padua; University of Bologna; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Lausanne; University of Munich; University of Turin
摘要：Adverse health conditions and social conflict constitute major impediments for developing countries. The potential for reducing social conflict by successful public health interventions is largely unknown. This paper closes this gap by evaluating the effect of a major health intervention-the successful expansion of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to combat the HIV/AIDS pandemic in Africa. Combining exogenous time variation in access to ART with cross-sectional variation in the scope for treatment...
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作者：Bernal, Carolina; Prem, Mounu; Vargas, Juan F.; Ortiz, Monica
作者单位：Universidad del Rosario; University of Turin
摘要：The end of internal conflict is often shaped by political uncertainty and threats of violence recurrence. This implies that the effects of conflict termination on economic activity and specifically entrepreneurship can go in either direction, and we know little about this relationship. Studying Colombia's recent peace agreement with the FARC guerrilla, and using a difference-in-differences empirical strategy, we document that dynamics of entrepreneurship in traditionally violent areas closely ...
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作者：Tian, Wenjia; Wang, Zhi; Zhang, Qinghua
作者单位：Central University of Finance & Economics; Shanghai Institute of International Finance & Economics; Fudan University; Peking University
摘要：This paper highlights the crucial role of land allocation mechanisms in fostering industrial agglomeration by examining China's 2007 industrial land market reform. By introducing transparency into the land-selling process, the reform facilitated more buyers to compete for land (as evidenced by increased land sale prices), enabling local governments to allocate land to the most suitable users. Utilizing comprehensive data sets that include information on initial local industrial structure, new ...
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作者：Mangal, Kunal
摘要：Public sector recruitment exams can be highly competitive. Does this competition encourage candidates to develop generalizable skills, or do investments in exam preparation burden candidates who fail to get selected? I address this question by studying the impact of a partial public sector hiring freeze in the state of Tamil Nadu, India on male college graduates. The hiring freeze eliminated 86% of the usual vacancies. This increased the applicant-to-vacancy ratio for the remaining posts. Coho...
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作者：Celhay, Pablo A.; Depetris-Chauvin, Emilio; Riquelme, Cristina
作者单位：Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：This paper empirically studies the impact of massive and sudden school closures following the 2011 nationwide student strike in Chile on teenage pregnancy. We observe an average increase of 2.7% in teenage pregnancies in response to temporary high school shutdowns, equal to 1.9 additional pregnancies per lost school day. The effect diminishes after three quarters since the strike's onset. The effects are predominantly driven by first-time mothers aligned with high-school absenteeism periods an...
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作者：Samutpradit, Saisawat
作者单位：University of Tokyo; University of London; University College London
摘要：This study employs both theoretical insights and empirical techniques to investigate the impact of a minimum wage increase on employment when minimum wage coverage is incomplete. Previous empirical studies on this topic have found conflicting results: while some find the share of the covered sector decreases, some find it increases. In the theoretical part, we extended the classic two -sector model and found both scenarios can occur depending on the parameters of the economy. Empirically, usin...
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作者：Gonzalez, Robert; Maffioli, Elisa M.
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：This paper examines the impact of cellphone access on the containment of an epidemic. We study this question in the context of the 2014 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in Liberia. Combining novel data on cellphone towers and EVD cases, we estimate a high-resolution radio-wave propagation model that uses variations in terrain topography and the spatial distribution of cellphone towers to predict signal strength on the ground. We then employ a regression discontinuity design that compares vil...
