2024

最新文章

• The enduring trauma: How officials' childhood famine experiences affect year-end spending surge AI翻译
  作者：Chen, Xing; Zhang, Peng; Zhang, Ping; Zhuge, Andong
  作者单位：Fudan University; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen
  摘要：This study investigates the impact of government officials' childhood famine experiences on year-end spending surges (YESS), a phenomenon where organizations rush to spend unspent funds at fiscal year-end. We propose that early-life famine trauma fosters fiscal conservatism, leading to underutilized budgets, but the use it or lose it rule forces spending by the fiscal deadline. Analyzing data from Chinese cities (2008-2018), we find that officials who experienced famine in childhood significan...
• Allocating labor across small firms: Experimental evidence on information constraints AI翻译
  作者：Hardy, Morgan; Kim, Seongyoon; Mccasland, Jamie; Menzel, Andreas; Witte, Marc
  作者单位：New York University; New York University Abu Dhabi; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of British Columbia; Czech Academy of Sciences; Economics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Charles University Prague; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; IZA Institute Labor Economics
  摘要：We document interest in labor reallocation among small firm owners in Ghana; 60% and 41%, respectively, self-report willingness to hire or work for the average local firm owner. Firm owners also exhibit high willingness-to-pay for information on a random subset of hiring firms and jobseeking firm owners during a Becker-Degroot-Marschak exercise. Conditionally random variation in access to this information generates immediate labor adjustments within and between firms, though rarely of firm own...
• Does survey mode matter? Comparing in-person and phone agricultural surveys in India AI翻译
  作者：Anderson, Ellen; Lybbert, Travis J.; Shenoy, Ashish; Singh, Rupika; Stein, Daniel
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis
  摘要：Ubiquitous mobile phone ownership makes phone surveying an attractive method of low-cost data collection. We explore differences between in-person and phone survey measures of agricultural production collected for an impact evaluation in India. Phone responses have greater mean and variance, a difference that persists even within a subset of respondents that answered the same question over both modes. Treatment effect estimation remains stable across survey mode, but estimates are less precise...
• When beer is safer than water: Beer availability and mortality from waterborne illnesses AI翻译
  作者：Antman, Francisca M.; Flynn, James M.
  作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
  摘要：We investigate the impact of beer on mortality during the Industrial Revolution in 18th century England. Due to the brewing process, beer represented an improvement over available water sources during this period prior to the widespread understanding of the link between water quality and human health. Using a wide range of identification strategies to derive measures of beer scarcity driven by tax increases, weather events, and soil quality, we show that beer scarcity was associated with highe...
• Using technology to prevent fraud in high stakes national school examinations: Evidence from Indonesia AI翻译
  作者：Berkhout, Emilie; Pradhan, Menno; Rahmawati; Suryadarma, Daniel; Swarnata, Arya
  作者单位：Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; University of Amsterdam; Tinbergen Institute
  摘要：Cheating reduces the signaling value of examinations. It also shifts the focus of teachers and students away from learning. Combating widespread cheating is difficult as students, teachers, and bureaucrats all benefit from high reported grades. We evaluate the impact of computer -based testing (CBT), an at -scale policy implemented by the Indonesian government to reduce widespread cheating in the national examinations. Exploiting the phased roll -out of the program from 2015 to 2019, we find t...
• Economic development and known natural resource endowment: Discovery rate differentials of oil AI翻译
  作者：Hamang, Jonas
  摘要：The location of oil reserves plays an essential role in policymakers' incentives to coordinate supply-side climate policy. In this paper I use data on the location of all historic onshore petroleum discoveries to establish a new stylized fact: Economically developed areas are many times more likely to contain an oil or gas discovery, compared to undeveloped areas. I show that this result is not driven reverse causality or confounding geology. By implication, there exist large additional undisc...
• Corporate Social Responsibility along the global value chain AI翻译
  作者：Herkenhoff, Philipp; Krautheim, Sebastian; Semrau, Finn Ole; Steglich, Frauke
  作者单位：Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; University of Passau; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Leibniz Association; Institut fur Weltwirtschaft an der Universitat Kiel (IFW)
  摘要：Locating substantial parts of the production process in developing and emerging economies, many firms face an increasing demand by stakeholders for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) along their value chains. Contractual incompleteness between firms and their suppliers at different stages of production can exacerbate the ability to meet these demands. We analyze a model of sequential production with incomplete contracts where CSR by independent suppliers differentiates the final product in ...
• Mothers at peace: International peacebuilding and post-conflict fertility*,** AI翻译
  作者：Bove, Vincenzo; Di Salvatore, Jessica; Elia, Leandro; Nistico, Roberto
  作者单位：University of Warwick; University of Milano-Bicocca; University of Naples Federico II; University of Naples Federico II
  摘要：A considerable body of empirical evidence indicates that conflict affects reproductive behaviour, often resulting in an increased fertility rate due to higher child mortality and limited access to healthcare services. However, we know much less about the effect of peace in a post-conflict setting. This study explores how the external provision of security affects fertility by focusing on the UN intervention in Liberia. We combine DHS birth history data with information on road distance to UN m...
• Measuring sex-selective abortion: How many women abort? AI翻译
  作者：Dimri, Aditi; Gille, Veronique; Ketz, Philipp
  作者单位：Universite PSL; Universite Paris-Dauphine; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Laboratoire dEconomie de Dauphine LEDa; Paris School of Economics; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
  摘要：This paper demonstrates that sex-selective abortion induces a correlation between birth interval length and the sex of the next-born child. Using a statistical model, we show that shorter birth intervals for next-born girls indicate repeated sex-selective abortions between consecutive births. Analyzing data from India, we find evidence of repeated sex-selective abortions at birth order 2 when the first child is a girl, and strong evidence at birth order 3 when the first two children are girls....
• Faster, taller, better: Transit improvements and land use policies AI翻译
  作者：Chen, Liming; Hasan, Rana; Jiang, Yi; Parkhomenko, Andrii
  作者单位：Asian Development Bank; University of Southern California
  摘要：We study the interaction between transit improvements and land use policies. Bengaluru, one of India's largest cities, inaugurated a metro system in 2011 but has extremely low building heights, even near metro stations. We build a rich dataset and a quantitative spatial model in which heterogeneous workers choose among different commuting modes. We find that the metro increases citywide output and welfare, even net of costs. However, the net gains are several times larger with transit-oriented...