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作者：Milesi-Ferretti, GM; Roubini, N
作者单位：Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); International Monetary Fund; New York University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：This paper studies the effects of factor income taxation and of subsidies to human capital accumulation in models of endogenous growth. It examines in particular how these effects depend on the specification of the leisure activity and on the technology and tax treatment of the sector producing human capital. It shows that the negative effects of factor income taxes on economic growth are stronger when the human capital sector is a market good. Under these circumstances, a subsidy to human cap...
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作者：Chu, CYC; Wang, C
作者单位：National Taiwan University; Academia Sinica - Taiwan
摘要：Suppose the production of x by agent i causes an externality to the production of y by agent j. A prerequisite for the existence of an externality problem is that i and j are not far apart and are separate agents. But an externality-corrective government policy may make j integrate with i, or move away and start producing both x and y. The above reactions by j essentially change the institutional structure and division of labor, and alter the boundary which differentiates what is internal and ...
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作者：Hoyt, WH; Lee, K
作者单位：University of Kentucky; University System of Maryland; Towson University
摘要：We analyze the welfare effects and voting equilibrium with vouchers for private schools. The analysis shows that vouchers, like tuition tax credits [Martinello and West (1988); Frey (1983)], may improve the welfare of all families, including families whose children remain in public schools, if public educational quality is unchanged and publicly-financed educational expenditures decrease. Thus, voters will approve a voucher only if it reduces taxes. When public educational quality is endogenou...
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作者：Kaplow, L
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Measurements of the distortionary cost of labor income taxation generally assume that there are no other distortions. Browning (1994) identifies many pre-existing distortions, argues that such distortions reduce wages below the social value of labor's marginal product, and concludes that the marginal welfare cost of labor income taxation is substantially higher than suggested by previous estimates. The primary type of distortion Browning analyzes, however, has no direct effect on the marginal ...
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作者：Woittiez, I; Kapteyn, A
作者单位：Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Tilburg University
摘要：This paper investigates the influence of habit formation and preference interdependence on labour supply behaviour of married females. A novelty of the paper is that we incorporate direct survey information on reference groups of individuals in a neoclassical labour supply model. For that purpose we first estimate a latent variables model relating the direct information to the 'true' but unobserved reference groups. One of the most interesting features of the model is that the presence of youn...
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作者：Neumark, D; Powers, E
作者单位：Michigan State University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：We attempt to draw inferences about behavioral responses to means-tested income support for the elderly by examining the effects on saving of the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program for the aged in the U.S. Part of this program provides payments to the poor elderly, operating as a means-tested public retirement program. We exploit state-level variation in SSI benefits to estimate the effects of SSI on saving, using data from the 1984 Survey of Income Program Participation. We find evide...
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作者：Ellingsen, T
作者单位：Stockholm School of Economics
摘要：Decentralized government leads to inter-regional externalities. Whereas an integrated jurisdiction solves the externality problem, centralized government entails other costs-in particular a neglect for minority interests. The paper models formally the trade-off between these two forces in determining the optimum as well as the equilibrium design of jurisdictions. Both the relative size of regions and the distribution of tastes are shown to be important parameters of the problem. (C) 1998 Elsev...
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作者：Lin, SG
作者单位：University of Nebraska System
摘要：This paper provides alternative analytical results concerning the effect of labor income taxation on human capital accumulation. With the tax revenues being consumed by the government and savings being negatively related to the labor tax rate, an increase in the labor income tax rate reduces the incentive for human capital accumulation, and thus, decreases human capital. With tax revenues being consumed by government and savings being positively related to the labor tax rate, an increase in th...
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作者：Mauro, P
作者单位：International Monetary Fund
摘要：This paper asks whether predatory behavior by corrupt politicians distorts the composition of government expenditure. Corruption is found to reduce government spending on education in a cross section of countries. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A.
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作者：Dixit, A; Londregan, J
作者单位：Princeton University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：We consider the interaction between redistributive politics at central and local levels in a federal system, and characterize the factors influencing success in redistributive politics in both federal and unitary systems. We examine how the political characteristics of different states and groups give them better or worse outcomes in a federal system as opposed to a unitary system. We examine possibilities of multiple equilibria with divided government between the two layers. We analyze the ch...
