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作者：Smart, M
作者单位：University of Toronto
摘要：This note reviews the problems inherent in using the sum of compensating variations to measure the efficiency effects of tax reforms. Contrary to a recently published assertion, excise taxation never constitutes a potential Pareto improvement over poll taxation, even if the aggregate compensating variation is positive. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. JEL classification: H21.
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作者：Bös, D
作者单位：University of Bonn
摘要：This paper deals with price regulation of a monopolistic distribution grid which sells a license to some retailer. The regulator aims at attaining efficient sale of the license and efficient relationship-specific investments of the agents. The first best can be attained by a sequential regulatory mechanism which gives the seller an option to grant the license but allows the buyer to make counteroffers. This sequential mechanism runs counter to the usual price-cap idea since possible upward but...
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作者：Brasington, DM
作者单位：Tulane University
摘要：A new methodological approach investigates the factors that cause and inhibit political jurisdictions from jointly providing public services. Previous statistical approaches study whether consolidation occurs but are incapable of exploring with whom it occurs. The Poirier bivariate probit analysis suggests population and property value factors matter more than socio-demographic factors in determining whether two neighboring entities will form a consolidated school district. Small and large dis...
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作者：Robledo, JR
作者单位：Free University of Berlin
摘要：We describe a situation where a risk averse individual has a preference for risk taking. In the literature, we find this strategic risk behaviour in an altruistic framework, where the individual actually benefits from his noninsurance only in the loss outcome. In our model, all agents are perfectly selfish. When a public good is to be provided privately after the insurance decision, the player facing greater uncertainty can expect an income transfer from the other individuals through the commi...
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作者：Fernández, R; Rogerson, R
作者单位：New York University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：This paper examines the effect of different education financing systems on the level and distribution of resources devoted to public education. Pie focus on California, which in the 1970's was transformed from a foundation system of mixed local and state financing to one of effectively pure state finance and subsequently saw its funding of public education fall between 10 and 15% relative to the rest of the US. We show that a simple political economy model of public finance can account for the...
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作者：McGarry, K
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Empirical work on intergenerational transfers has focused on distinguishing between altruistic and exchange motivated behavior. However, these two models are unable to explain the strong tendency far inter vivos transfers to be negatively related to the income of the recipient; while bequests bear no relationship to income. This paper presents a new framework for analyzing transfers from parents to children that is more consistent with observed behavior than are the altruistic and exchange mod...
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作者：Smetters, K
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：This paper presents a heterogenous overlapping-generations with-altruism model in which intergenerational discounting is stochastic. The model nests three popular macro-economics models: those of Ramsey (Economic Journal, 38 (152) (1928) 543-559), Diamond (American Economic Review, 55 (1965) 1126-1150) and a variant of the Blanchard (Journal of Political Economy 93 (2) (1985) 223-247), Buiter (The Economic Journal 98 (391) (1988) 279-293), Weil (Journalk of Public Economics 38 (2) (1989) 183-1...
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作者：Micklewright, J; Nagy, G
作者单位：Corvinus University Budapest; Budapest University of Technology & Economics
摘要：The single most likely way to leave the unemployment insurance (UI) register in Hungary is not by getting a job but by exhausting entitlement to benefit. Two questions follow. First, what are the implications of the cessation of UI for living standards? Second, does UI exhaustion have much effect on the probability of getting a job through increasing incentives to work? We investigate these issues with a survey of persons exhausting entitlement to UI in summer, 1995, paying special attention t...
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作者：Checchi, D; Ichino, A; Rustichini, A
作者单位：European University Institute; University of Milan; Tilburg University
摘要：A centralised and egalitarian school system reduces the cost of education for poor families, and so it should reduce income inequality and make intergenerational mobility easier. In this paper we provide evidence that Italy, compared to the USA, displays less income inequality, as expected given the type of school system, but also less intergenerational upward mobility between occupations and between education levels. We explore some of the reasons which can explain this puzzling result and co...
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作者：Innes, R
作者单位：University of Arizona
摘要：Many environmental laws encourage firms to self-report their violations to government regulators, rather than subject themselves to probabilistic enforcement. This paper studies self-reporting enforcement regimes when there are ex-post benefits of remediation or clean-up. Remediation benefits are shown to impart two advantages to the use of self-reporting beyond those identified elsewhere. Firstly, whereas non-reporting firms only engage in costly clean-up when they are caught by an enforcemen...
