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作者：Sommers, Benjamin D.
摘要：The Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 imposed a federal requirement that all individuals provide citizenship documentation when applying for or renewing Medicaid coverage This represented a change in policy for 46 states Using differences-m-differences to analyze data from the Current Population Survey (2004-2008), this paper shows that the policy reduced Medicaid enrollment among non-citizens, as intended, and did not significantly affect citizens One-in-four adult non-citizens in Medicaid (390,0...
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作者：Oster, Emily; Shoulson, Ira; Quaid, Kimberly; Dorsey, E. Ray
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of Rochester; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington
摘要：Individual, personalized genetic information is increasingly available, leading to the possibility of greater adverse selection over time, particularly in individual-payer insurance markets. We use data on individuals at risk for Huntington disease (HD), a degenerative neurological disorder with significant effects on morbidity, to estimate adverse selection in long-term care insurance. We find strong evidence of adverse selection: individuals who carry the HD genetic mutation are up to 5 time...
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作者：Ziebarth, Nicolas R.; Karlsson, Martin
作者单位：Leibniz Association; DIW Berlin - Deutsches Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; Technical University of Darmstadt
摘要：This study estimates the reform effects of a reduction in statutory sick pay levels on sickness absence behavior and labor costs. German federal law reduced the legal obligation of German employers to provide 100% continued wage pay for up to six weeks per sickness episode. In 1996 statutory sick pay was decreased to 80% of foregone gross wages. Within the reform's target group - private sector employees - this measure increased the proportion of employees having zero days of absence between 6...
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作者：Bierbrauer, Felix; Sahm, Marco
作者单位：Max Planck Society; Technical University of Munich
摘要：We study the interdependence of optimal tax and expenditure policies. An optimal policy requires that information on preferences is made available. We first study this problem from a general mechanism design perspective and show that efficiency is possible only if the individuals who decide on public good provision face an own incentive scheme that differs from the tax system. We then study democratic mechanisms with the property that tax payers vote over public goods. Under such a mechanism, ...
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作者：Krueger, Alan B.; Mueller, Andreas
作者单位：Stockholm University; Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Princeton University
摘要：This paper provides new evidence on job search intensity of the unemployed in the U.S., modeling job search intensity as time allocated to job search activities. The major findings are: 1) the average U.S. unemployed worker devotes about 41 min to job search on weekdays, which is substantially more than their European counterparts; 2) workers who expect to be recalled by their previous employer search substantially less than the average unemployed worker; 3) across the 50 states and D.C., job ...
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作者：Heim, Bradley T.; Lurie, Ithai Z.
作者单位：Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; United States Department of the Treasury
摘要：This paper estimates the effect of an increase in the deductibility of health insurance premiums for self-employed individuals on the probability of being self-employed. Using a panel of tax returns from 1999 to 2004, we estimate fixed effects instrumental variable regressions for the probability of being self-employed, entering into self-employment, and exiting from self-employment. Our results suggest that this policy increased the probability of being self-employed by 1.5 percentage points,...
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作者：D'Amato, Marcello; Galasso, Vincenzo
作者单位：Bocconi University; University of Salerno
摘要：In a stochastic two-period OLG model, featuring an aggregate shock to the economy, ex-ante optimality requires intergenerational risk sharing. We compare the level of intergenerational risk sharing chosen by a benevolent government and by an office-seeking politician. In our political system, the transfer of resources across generations is determined as a Markov equilibrium of a probabilistic voting game. Low realized returns on the risky asset induce politicians to compensate the old through ...
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作者：Hodler, Roland; Loertscher, Simon; Rohner, Dominic
作者单位：University of Melbourne; University of Zurich
摘要：We present a model of (re)elections in which an incumbency advantage arises because the incumbent can manipulate issue salience by choosing inefficient policies in the policy dimension in which he is the stronger candidate. The voters are uncertain about the state of the world and the incumbent's choice of policy. Under complete information they would reelect the incumbent if and only if the state is sufficiently high. Undesirable policy outcomes may be due to either a bad state or the incumbe...
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作者：Park, Albert; Wang, Sangui
作者单位：University of Oxford; Renmin University of China
摘要：We conduct the first systematic evaluation of the world's largest community-based development program China's flagship poverty alleviation program began in 2001 which finances public investments in designated poor villages based on participatory village planning. We use matching methods and a panel household and village data set with national coverage to compare changes from 2001 to 2004 in designated poor villages that began plan investments and in designated poor villages that had yet to beg...
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作者：Brouillette, Dany; Lacroix, Guy
作者单位：Laval University
摘要：The Self-Sufficiency Project (SSP) is a research and demonstration project that offered a generous time-limited income supplement to randomly selected welfare applicants under two conditions. The first, the eligibility condition, required that they remain on welfare for at least 12 months. The second, the qualification condition, required that they find a full-time job within 12 months after establishing eligibility. In this paper we focus on a neglected and important feature of the program, n...
