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作者：Barr, Abigail; Serra, Danila
作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida State University; University of Oxford
摘要：Why do some people choose corruption over honesty and others not? Do the social norms and values prevailing in the societies in which they grew up affect their decisions? In 2005, we conducted a bribery experiment and found that, among undergraduates, we could predict who would act corruptly with reference to the level of corruption in their home country. Among graduate students we could not. In 2007, we replicated our result and also found that time spent in the UK was associated with a decli...
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作者：Deffains, Bruno; Ythier, Jean Mercier
作者单位：Universite de Lorraine; Universite Paris-Pantheon-Assas; European Business School (EBS) University; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Lorraine; Universites de Strasbourg Etablissements Associes; Universite de Strasbourg
摘要：Most organ transplants are from dead donors. National transplant organizations exhibit considerable differences in terms of their donor population rates. Spain's organization is by far the most efficient in this respect. We argue that much of the productivity advantage of Spain's transplant organization proceeds from an efficient organization of the production chain, from organ procurement to transplantation. Transplants from dead donors are analogous to a common resource for the transplant co...
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作者：Harstad, Bard; Eskeland, Gunnar S.
作者单位：Northwestern University; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
摘要：Permit markets are celebrated as a policy instrument since they allow (i) firms to equalize marginal costs through trade and (ii) the regulator to distribute the burden in a politically desirable way. These two concerns, however, may conflict in a dynamic setting. Anticipating the regulator's future desire to give more permits to firms that appear to need them, firms purchase permits to signal their need. This raises the price above marginal costs and the market becomes inefficient. If the soc...
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作者：Simula, Laurent; Trannoy, Alain
作者单位：Uppsala University
摘要：We examine how allowing individuals to emigrate to pay lower taxes changes the optimal nonlinear income tax scheme in a Mirrleesian economy An individual emigrates if his domestic utility IS less than his utility abroad, net of migration costs - utilities and costs both depending oil productivity. A simple formula, that complements Saez's formula obtained in closed economy. is derived for the marginal tax rates faced by top-income earners It depends oil the labour elasticity, the tax rate abro...
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作者：Tamai, Toshiki
作者单位：Kindai University (Kinki University)
摘要：This paper presents an extension of a static model of public goods provision with redistributional taxation, as described by Uler [Journal of Public Economics 93 (3-4), pp. 440-453], as a dynamic model of wealth accumulation. Intertemporal consumption and saving behavior strongly affect the relation between redistributive taxation and charitable contribution. Indeed, the analyses presented herein reveal that more patience (i.e. higher saving) engenders a lower redistributional tax rate. Howeve...
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作者：Glaeser, Edward L.; Ujhelyi, Gergely
作者单位：University of Houston System; University of Houston; Harvard University
摘要：Governments have responded to misleading advertising by banning it, engaging in counter-advertising and taxing and regulating the product. In this paper, we consider the welfare effects of those different responses to misinformation. While misinformation lowers consumer surplus, its effect on social welfare is ambiguous. Misleading advertising leads to over-consumption but that may be offsetting the underconsumption associated with oligopoly outputs. If all advertising is misinformation then a...
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作者：Guriev, Sergei; Yakovlev, Evgeny; Zhuravskaya, Ekaterina
作者单位：New Economic School; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Paris School of Economics
摘要：The optimal degree of decentralization depends on the importance of inter-state externalities of local policies. We show that inter-state externalities are determined by the spatial distribution of interest groups within the country. Interest groups who have multi-state scope internalize inter-state externalities to a larger extent than the lobbyists with interests within a single state. We use variation in the geographic boundaries of politically-powerful industrial interests to estimate the ...
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作者：Fryer, Roland G., Jr.; Torelli, Paul
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Using a newly available data set, which allows one to construct a novel measure of a student's social status, we demonstrate that there are potentially important racial differences in the relationship between social status and academic achievement. The effect is concentrated among students with a grade point average (GPA) of 3.5 or higher and more pronounced in schools with more interracial contact. Earlier studies showing a positive relationship between popularity and academic achievement for...
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作者：Kim, Matthew
作者单位：University of St Thomas Minnesota
摘要：This paper presents a stylized theoretical model of competition among need-blind colleges and universities that implement early decision admissions. Under need-blind admissions, an applicant's financial aid status cannot affect their likelihood of admission. In the model, a need-blind school can use early decision admissions as a screening mechanism to indirectly identify a student's ability-to-pay, while superficially maintaining a need-blind policy. As a result, in equilibrium, non-financial...
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作者：Tonin, Mirco; Vlassopoulos, Michael
作者单位：University of Southampton
摘要：This paper presents evidence from a field experiment, which aims to identify the two sources of workers' pro-social motivation that have been considered in the literature: warm glow altruism and pure altruism. We employ an experimental design that first measures the level of effort exerted by student workers on a data entry task in an environment that elicits purely selfish behavior and we compare it to effort exerted in an environment that also induces warm glow altruism. We then compare the ...
