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作者：Epstein, Gil S.; Mealem, Yosef; Nitzan, Shmuel
作者单位：Bar Ilan University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Netanya Academic College
摘要：Many economic and political decisions are the outcome of strategic contests for a given prize. The nature of such contests can be determined by a designer who is driven by political considerations with a specific political culture. The main objective of this study is to analyze the effect of political culture and of valuation asymmetry on discrimination between the contestants. The weights assigned to the public well being and the contestants' efforts represent the political culture while disc...
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作者：Havnes, Tarjei; Mogstad, Magne
作者单位：University of Oslo; Statistics Norway
摘要：The strong correlation between child care and maternal employment rates has led previous research to conclude that affordable and readily available child care is a driving force both of cross-country differences in maternal employment and of its rapid growth over the last decades. We analyze a staged expansion of subsidized child care in Norway. Our precise and robust difference-in-differences estimates reveal that there is little, if any, causal effect of subsidized child care on maternal emp...
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作者：Luelfesmann, Christoph; Myers, Gordon M.
作者单位：Simon Fraser University
摘要：The paper considers a two-tier institution in which government provides public services, but individuals can opt out of public provision (but not taxes). Funding for the public service is chosen endogenously by majority vote, and we first provide necessary and sufficient conditions for a majority vote equilibrium. In line with existing results, the equilibrium tax rate usually falls below the one found in a one-tier system (opting out of public consumption is prohibited) as the-public system l...
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作者：Posch, Olaf
作者单位：Aarhus University
摘要：This paper presents strong empirical evidence that the observed heterogeneity of output volatility across countries and over time is partly endogenous. In particular, based on a closed-form solution we obtain a (long-run) equilibrium relationship between taxes and output volatility in the stochastic neoclassical growth model by showing that asymptotically the variance of output growth rates is affected by the level of taxes, without affecting the mean. We estimate the tax semi-elasticities on ...
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作者：Zudenkova, Galina
作者单位：Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
摘要：This paper provides a theoretical model for the coattail effect, where a popular candidate for one branch of government attracts votes to candidates from the same political party for other branches of government I assume a political agency framework with moral hazard in order to analyze the coattail effect in simultaneous presidential and congressional elections. I show that coattail voting is the outcome of the optimal reelection scheme adopted by a representative voter to motivate politician...
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作者：Li, Sherry Xin; Eckel, Catherine C.; Grossman, Philip J.; Brown, Tara Larson
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; Minnesota State Colleges & Universities; Saint Cloud State University; Monash University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Arlington
摘要：In the U.S., widespread complaints that taxes are too high exist alongside substantial voluntary donations to private charities whose missions parallel those of government agencies. We employ a real donation experiment to compare giving to government agencies and private charities with similar missions, for four different causes (Cancer Research, Disaster Relief, Education Enhancement, Parks and Wildlife) at three levels (national, state, and local). We find that individuals will give to gover...
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作者：Cubitt, Robin P.; Drouvelis, Michalis; Gaechter, Simon; Kabalin, Ruslan
作者单位：University of Nottingham; University of Birmingham; Lancaster University
摘要：In the last thirty years. economists and other social scientists have investigated people's normative views on distributive justice. Here we study people's normative views in social dilemmas, which underlie many situations of economic and social significance. Using insights from moral philosophy and psychology we provide an analysis of the morality of free riding. We use experimental survey methods to investigate people's moral judgments empirically. We vary others' contributions, the framing ...
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作者：Cervellati, Matteo; Esteban, Joan; Kranich, Laurence
作者单位：Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Institut d'Analisi Economica (IAE); University of Bologna; IZA Institute Labor Economics; State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Albany, SUNY
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作者：Allcott, Hunt
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); New York University
摘要：This paper evaluates a series of programs run by a company called OPOWER to send Home Energy Report letters to residential utility customers comparing their electricity use to that of their neighbors. Using data from randomized natural field experiments at 600,000 treatment and control households across the United States, I estimate that the average program reduces energy consumption by 2.0%. The program provides additional evidence that non-price interventions can substantially and cost effec...
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作者：Andreoni, James; List, John
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of Chicago
