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作者：Brown, Meta; Setren, Elizabeth; Topa, Giorgio
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：Using a new firm-level data set that includes explicit information on referrals by current employees, we investigate the hiring process and the relationships among referrals, match quality, wage trajectories, and turnover for a single US corporation and test various predictions of theoretical models of labor market referrals. We find that referred candidates are more likely to be hired; experience an initial wage advantage, which dissipates over time; and have longer tenure in the firm. Furthe...
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作者：Mueller, Andreas I.; Rothstein, Jesse; von Wachter, Till M.
作者单位：Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) awards rise during recessions. If marginal applicants are able to work but unable to find jobs, countercyclical Unemployment Insurance (UI) benefit extensions may reduce SSDI uptake. Exploiting UI extensions in the Great Recession as a source of variation, we find no indication that expiration of UI benefits causes SSDI applications and can rule out effects of meaningful magnitude. A supplementary analysis finds little overlap between the two program...
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作者：Acemoglu, Daron; Autor, David; Dorn, David; Hanson, Gordon H.; Price, Brendan
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Zurich; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Even before the Great Recession, US employment growth was unimpressive. Between 2000 and 2007, the economy gave back the considerable employment gains achieved during the 1990s, with a historic contraction in manufacturing employment being a prime contributor to the slump. We estimate that import competition from China, which surged after 2000, was a major force behind both recent reductions in US manufacturing employment and-through input-output linkages and other general equilibrium channels...
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作者：Cortes, Guido Matias
作者单位：University of Manchester
摘要：This paper presents a theoretical and empirical analysis of the effects of routine-biased technical change on occupational transition patterns and wage changes of individual workers using a general equilibrium model with endogenous sorting of workers into occupations. Consistent with the predictions of the model, data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics show strong evidence of selection on ability in the occupational mobility patterns of routine workers, a significant fall in the wage prem...
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作者：Lazear, Edward P.; Shaw, Kathryn L.; Stanton, Christopher
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Why did productivity rise during recent recessions? One possibility is that average worker quality increased. A second is that each incumbent worker produced more. The second effect is termed making do with less. Using data from 2006 to 2010 on individual worker productivity from a large firm, these effects can be measured and separated. For this firm, most of the gain in productivity during the recession was a result of increased effort. Additionally, the increase in effort is correlated with...
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作者：Foster, Lucia; Grim, Cheryl; Haltiwanger, John
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：The high pace of reallocation across producers is pervasive in the US economy. Evidence shows that this high pace of reallocation is closely linked to productivity. While these patterns hold on average, the extent to which the reallocation dynamics in recessions are cleansing is an open question. We find that downturns prior to the Great Recession are periods of accelerated reallocation even more productivity enhancing than reallocation in normal times. In the Great Recession, we find that the...
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作者：Hoffmann, Florian; Lemieux, Thomas
作者单位：University of British Columbia; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper looks at the surprisingly different labor market performance of the United States, Canada, Germany, and several other OECD countries during and after the Great Recession of 2008-9. A first important finding is that the large employment swings in the construction sector linked to the boom and bust in US housing markets is an important factor behind the different labor market performances of the three countries. We also find that cross-country differences among OECD countries are cons...
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作者：Barany, Zsofia L.
作者单位：Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po)
摘要：In the past 30 years, wage inequality has increased steeply while real minimum wages have fallen. This paper demonstrates that a general equilibrium model with endogenous skill choice is required to correctly evaluate the implications of minimum wage changes. The minimum wage not only truncates the wage distribution but also affects skill prices and therefore changes the incentives that people face when making educational decisions. The calibrated model suggests-in line with recent empirical l...
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作者：Bitler, Marianne; Hoynes, Hilary
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Much attention has been given to the large increases in safety net spending during the Great Recession. We examine the relationship between poverty, the safety net, and business cycles historically and test whether there has been a significant change in this relationship. We find that post-welfare reform, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families did not respond during the Great Recession and extreme poverty is more cyclical than in prior recessions. Food Stamps and Unemployment Insurance are pr...
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作者：Card, David; Mas, Alexandre
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Princeton University
