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作者：LoPalo, Melissa
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：The United States receives tens of thousands of refugees per year, many of whom arrive with few resources. The federal refugee resettlement program aims to rapidly move refugees into employment and self-sufficiency. This causes refugees to undergo a search and matching process upon arrival that may be affected by cash assistance generosity. This paper exploits variation in cash benefit levels for welfare programs available to refugees after resettlement to identify the effects of welfare gener...
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作者：Hoffmann, Eran B.; Malacrino, Davide
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; International Monetary Fund
摘要：We study how the distribution of earnings growth evolves over the business cycle in Italy. We distinguish between two sources of annual earnings growth: changes in employment time (number of weeks of employment within a year) and changes in weekly earnings. Changes in employment time generate the tails of the earnings growth distribution, and account for its procyclical skewness. In contrast, the distribution of weekly earnings growth is close to symmetric and stable over the cycle. This sugge...
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作者：Chin, Yoo-Mi; Cunningham, Scott
作者单位：Baylor University
摘要：Warrantless domestic violence arrest laws allow officers to make arrests of alleged offenders of domestic violence without warrants given probable cause. Existing literature classifies these laws into three groups based on the degree of arrest authority given to officers: discretionary, preferred, and mandatory. Using our updating of each type of warrantless domestic violence arrest law, we examine the causal effect of these laws on intimate partner homicides using differences-in-differences. ...
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作者：Aaberge, Rolf; Peluso, Eugenio; Sigstad, Henrik
作者单位：Statistics Norway; University of Oslo; University of Verona; Harvard University
摘要：This paper is concerned with the problem of ranking and quantifying the extent of deprivation in multidimensional distributions of dichotomous deprivation variables. To this end, we introduce a family of measures of deprivation justified on the basis of dual social evaluation functions. Two alternative criteria of second-degree deprivation count distribution dominance are shown to divide the proposed family of deprivation measures into two separate subfamilies, which can be justified by a comb...
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作者：Lin, Haizhen; Sacks, Daniel W.
作者单位：Indiana University System; IU Kelley School of Business; Indiana University Bloomington; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Nonlinear cost-sharing in health insurance encourages intertemporal substitution because patients can reduce their out-of-pocket costs by concentrating spending in years when they hit the deductible. We develop a test for intertemporal substitution and apply it to data from the RAND Health Insurance Experiment, where people were randomly assigned either to a free care plan or to a cost-sharing plan which had coinsurance up to a maximum dollar expenditure (MDE). Hitting the MDE-leading to an ef...
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作者：Lucas, Deborah; Moore, Damien
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：The federal government makes credit for higher education widely available at subsidized prices through its student loan programs. A loan provision that at times has significantly increased the size and volatility of the subsidies is the consolidation option, which allows borrowers to convert floating rate loans to fixed rate loans, often on very favorable terms. The option provides a novel setting in which to study how unsophisticated borrowers respond to financial incentives. We develop a mod...
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作者：Janku, Jan; Libich, Jan
作者单位：Technical University of Ostrava; La Trobe University
摘要：The paper shows that blissful ignorance does not apply to fiscal policy. In countries with uninformed voters, politicians attempt to 'buy' votes by substantially increasing government expenditures in election years. This generates budget cycles and costly macroeconomic fluctuations. Unlike much of the earlier literature that found this effect only in low-income countries or new democracies, we demonstrate that it has occurred in many prosperous countries with an established political system. I...
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作者：Dolls, Mathias; Doerrenberg, Philipp; Peichl, Andreas; Stichnoth, Holger
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Zentrum fur Europaische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW); Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Munich
摘要：How can retirement savings be increased? We explore a unique policy change in the context of the German pension system to study this question. As of 2005 (with a phase-in period between 2002 and 2004), the German pension administration started to send out annual letters providing detailed and comprehensible information about the pension system and individual expected public pension payments. This reform did not change the level of pensions, but only provided information to individuals about th...
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作者：Ambrus, Attila; Greiner, Ben
作者单位：Duke University; Vienna University of Economics & Business; University of New South Wales Sydney
摘要：In the context of repeated public good contribution games, we experimentally compare the institution of democratic punishment, where members of a group decide by majority voting whether to inflict punishment on another member, with individual peer-to-peer and dictatorial punishment institutions. Democratic punishment leads to more cooperation and higher average payoffs, both under perfect and imperfect monitoring of contributions. A comparison with dictatorial punishment suggests that the effe...
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作者：Biener, Christian; Landmann, Andreas; Santana, Maria Isabel
作者单位：University of St Gallen; University of Gottingen; University of East Anglia
摘要：Insurance contracts may fail to perform, leading to a default on valid claims. We relax the standard assumption of known probabilities for such defaults by allowing for uncertainty. Within a large behavioral experiment, we show that introducing risk and uncertainty each leads to significant reductions in insurance demand and that the effects are comparable in magnitude (17.1 and 14.5 percentage points). Furthermore, risk- and ambiguity-averse participants are affected most. These findings are ...
