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作者：Riise, Julie; Willage, Barton; Willen, Alexander
作者单位：University of Bergen; Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
摘要：We use exogenously assigned general practitioners to study the effects of female role models on girls' educational outcomes. Girls who are exposed to female general practitioners are more likely to sort into male-dominated education programs in high school, most notably science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine (STEMM). These effects persist as they enter college and select majors. The effects are larger for high-ability girls with low-educated mothers, suggesting that female...
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作者：Ghosal, Sayantan; Jana, Smarajit; Mani, Anandi; Mitra, Sandip; Roy, Sanchari
作者单位：University of Glasgow; University of Oxford; Indian Statistical Institute; Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata; University of London; King's College London
摘要：This paper studies the link between self-image and behavior among those who face stigma due to poverty and social exclusion. Using a randomized field experiment with sex workers in Kolkata (India), we examine whether a psychological intervention to mitigate adverse effects of internalized stigma can induce behavior change. We find significant improvements in participants' self-image, their savings choices, and health clinic visits. Administrative data confirm that these changes in savings and ...
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作者：Williams, Jenny; Weatherbum, Don
作者单位：University of Melbourne; University of New South Wales Sydney
摘要：We evaluate electronic monitoring as an alternative to prison for nonviolent offenses. Leveraging plausibly exogenous variation in sentencing outcomes generated by quasi-random assignment of judges, we find electronic monitoring reduces reoffending at both extensive and intensive margins. Compared with prison, electronic monitoring is estimated to reduce the probability of reoffending by 22 percentage points five years after sentencing and by 11 percentage points ten years after sentencing, wi...
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作者：Cascaldi-Garcia, Danilo; Vukotic, Marija
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors; University of Warwick
摘要：What do patents tell us about the economic effects of future technological improvements? We identify aggregate and industry-level patent-based news shocks by exploiting changes in stock market valuations of firms that obtain patent grants. Our shocks resemble diffusion news: they do not affect total factor productivity in the short run but induce a strong permanent effect after five years. We find that patent-based news shocks produce positive co-movement between consumption, output, investmen...
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作者：Fishman, Ram; Smith, Stephen C.; Bobic, Vida; Sulaiman, Munshi
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; George Washington University; Inter-American Development Bank; Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee BRAC; BRAC University
摘要：Many development programs that attempt to disseminate improved technologies are limited in duration because of external funding constraints or an assumption of impact sustainability, but there is limited evidence on whether and when terminating such programs is efficient. We provide novel experimental evidence on the impacts of a randomized phaseout of an agricultural extension and subsidy program that promotes improved inputs and cultivation practices among smallholder women farmers in Uganda...
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作者：Renkin, Tobias; Montialoux, Claire; Siegenthaler, Michael
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
摘要：This paper estimates the pass-through of minimum wage increases into the prices of U.S. grocery and drug stores. We use high-frequency scanner data and leverage a large number of state-level increases in minimum wages between 2001 and 2012. We find that a 10% minimum wage hike translates into a 0.36% increase in the prices of grocery products. This magnitude is consistent with a full pass-through of cost increases into consumer prices. We show that price adjustments occur mostly in the three m...
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作者：Boehm, Johannes
摘要：I study how supplier contracting frictions shape the patterns of intermediate input use and quantify the impact of these distortions on aggregate productivity. Using the frequency of litigation between US firms as a novel measure to capture the need for formal enforcement, I find a robust relationship between countries' input-output structure and their quality of legal institutions. In countries with high enforcement costs, firms have lower expenditure shares on intermediate inputs in sector p...
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作者：Bazzi, Samuel; Blair, Robert A.; Blattman, Christopher; Dube, Oeindrila; Gudgeon, Matthew; Peck, Richard
作者单位：Boston University; Brown University; University of Chicago; United States Military Academy; United States Department of Defense; United States Army; Northwestern University
摘要：How feasible is violence early-warning prediction? Colombia and Indonesia have unusually fine-grained data. We assemble two decades of local violent events alongside hundreds of annual risk factors. We attempt to predict violence one year ahead with a range of machine learning techniques. Our models reliably identify persistent, high-violence hot spots. Violence is not simply autoregressive, as detailed histories of disaggregated violence perform best, but socioeconomic data substitute well fo...
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作者：Balestra, Simone; Eugster, Beatrix; Liebert, Helge
作者单位：University of St Gallen; University of Zurich
摘要：In light of the debate over inclusive education, this paper evaluates the impact of exposure to special needs (SN) peers. More classroom peers with SN lower performance, the probability of entering postcompulsory education, and income at ages 17 to 25. SN students and students at the lower end of the achievement distribution suffer most from higher inclusion. We analyze the effects of reallocation policies to alleviate negative externalities, and demonstrate that inclusion is preferable to seg...
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作者：Boyer, M. Martin; D'Astous, Philippe; Michaud, Pierre-Carl
作者单位：Universite de Montreal; HEC Montreal; Universite de Montreal; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：In this study, we conduct a stated-choice experiment to analyze the decision to contribute to either a front- or back-loaded tax-preferred retirement savings account. Our experimental design includes a randomized financial education intervention that provides information on the tax implications of both types of account. Respondents who were exposed to the intervention have greater knowledge of these accounts and make contribution choices that increase their after-tax income. Using a well-defin...
