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作者：Carter, Gerald G.
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
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作者：Ma, Dingbang; Ojha, Pranav; Yu, Albert D.; Araujo, Maisa S.; Luo, Weifei; Keefer, Evelyn; Diaz, Madelen M.; Wu, Meilin; Joiner, William J.; Abruzzi, Katharine C.; Rosbash, Michael
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS; Brandeis University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Brandeis University; Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz; Guangxi Academy of Sciences; University of Miami; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：To address the contribution oftranscriptional regulation to Drosophila clock gene expression and to behavior, we generated a series of CRISPR- mediated deletions within two regions of the circadian gene timeless (tim), an intronic E - box region and an upstream E - box region that are both recognized by the key transcription factor Clock (Clk) and its heterodimeric partner Cycle. The upstream deletions but not an intronic deletion dramatically impact tim expression in fly heads; the biggest up...
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作者：Ravindran, Sandeep
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作者：Scarpa, Almoro; Pianezza, Riccardo; Wierzbicki, Filip; Kofler, Robert
作者单位：University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna
摘要：Transposable element invasions have a profound impact on the evolution of genomes and phenotypes. It is thus an important open question how often such TE invasions occur. To address this question, we utilize the genomes of historical specimens, sampled about 200 y ago. We found that the LTR retrotransposons Blood, Opus, and 412spread in Drosophila melanogaster in the 19th century. These invasions constitute second waves, as degraded fragments were found for all three TEs. The composition of Op...
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作者：Wichman, Casey J.
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; Resources for the Future
摘要：Visitation to National Parks in the United States increased by more than 25% since 2010, rising from roughly 70 to 90 million annual visitors. Anecdotes suggest that this increase was driven by the advent of social media in the early-to-mid 2010s, generating a new form of exposure for parks, and has led to concerns about overcrowding and degradation of environmental quality. However, there is little empirical evidence on the role of social media in influencing recreation decisions. Here, I con...
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作者：Mirarab, Siavash; Rivas-Gonzalez, Iker; Feng, Shaohong; Stiller, Josefin; Fang, Qi; Mai, Uyen; Hickey, Glenn; Chen, Guangji; Brajuka, Nadolina; Fedrigo, Olivier; Formenti, Giulio; Wolf, Jochen B. W.; Howe, Kerstin; Antunes, Agostinho; Schierup, Mikkel H.; Paten, Benedict; Jarvis, Erich D.; Zhang, Guojie; Braun, Edward L.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Aarhus University; Zhejiang University; Liangzhu Laboratory; Zhejiang University; University of Copenhagen; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; Rockefeller University; University of Munich; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Universidade do Porto; Universidade do Porto; State University System of Florida; University of Florida
摘要：Genomes are typically mosaics of regions with different evolutionary histories. When speciation events are closely spaced in time, recombination makes the regions sharing the same history small, and the evolutionary history changes rapidly as we move along the genome. When examining rapid radiations such as the early diversification of Neoaves 66 Mya, typically no consistent history is observed across segments exceeding kilobases of the genome. Here, we report an exception. We found that a 21-...
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作者：Wang, Yunqiang; Hu, Wei; Sun, Hui; Zhao, Yali; Zhang, Pingping; Li, Zimin; Zhou, Zixuan; Tong, Yongping; Liu, Shaozhen; Zhou, Jingxiong; Huang, Mingbin; Jia, Xiaoxu; Clothier, Brent; Shao, Ming'an; Zhou, Weijian; An, Zhisheng
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Earth Environment, CAS; Xi'an Jiaotong University; New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Soil & Water Conservation (ISWC), CAS; Ministry of Water Resources; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geographic Sciences & Natural Resources Research, CAS; New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd; Beijing Normal University
摘要：Soil moisture (SM) is essential for sustaining services from Earth's critical zone, a thinliving skin spanning from the canopy to groundwater. In the Anthropocene epoch, intensive afforestation has remarkably contributed to global greening and certain service improvements, often at the cost of reduced SM. However, attributing the response of SM in deep soil to such human activities is a great challenge because of the scarcity of long - term observations. Here, we present a 37 y (1985 to 2021) ...
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作者：Araj, Houmam; Yeung, David T.; Baylin, Stephen
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Eye Institute (NEI); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
摘要：Is there a formula for a competitive NIH grant application? The Serenity Prayer may provide one: Grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change, the ability to change the things I can, and the wisdom to know the difference. But how to tell the difference? In this Perspective, we provide an inclusive roadmap-elements of NIH funding. Collectively, we have over 30 y of peer review experience as NIH Scientific Review Officers in addition to over 30 y of program experience as NIH Progra...
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作者：Chyzy, Piotr; Kulik, Marta; Shinobu, Ai; Re, Suyong; Sugita, Yuji; Trylska, Joanna
作者单位：University of Warsaw; University of Warsaw; RIKEN; RIKEN; RIKEN
摘要：Riboswitches are messenger RNA (mRNA) fragments binding specific small moleculesto regulate gene expression. A synthetic N1 riboswitch, inserted into yeast mRNAcontrols the translation of a reporter gene in response to neomycin. However, itsregulatory activity is sensitive to single-point RNA mutations, even those distantfrom the neomycin binding site. While the association paths of neomycin to N1and its variants remain unknown, recent fluorescence kinetic experiments indicatea two-step proces...
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作者：Huseby, Douglas L.; Cao, Sha; Zamaratski, Edouard; Sooriyaarachchi, Sanjeewani; Ahmad, Shabbir; Bergfors, Terese; Krasnova, Laura; Pelss, Juris; Ikaunieks, Martins; Loza, Einars; Katkevics, Martins; Bobileva, Olga; Cirule, Helena; Gukalova, Baiba; Grinberga, Solveiga; Backlund, Maria; Simoff, Ivailo; Leber, Anna T.; Berruga-Fernandez, Talia; Antonov, Dmitry; Konda, Vivekananda R.; Lindstrom, Stefan; Olanders, Gustav; Brandt, Peter; Baranczewski, Pawel; Lundberg, Carina Vingsbo; Liepinsh, Edgars; Suna, Edgars; Jones, T. Alwyn; Mowbray, Sherry L.; Hughes, Diarmaid; Karlen, Anders
作者单位：Uppsala University; Uppsala University; Uppsala University; Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis; Uppsala University; Uppsala University; SciLifeLab; Statens Serum Institut
摘要：Here, we describe the identification of an antibiotic class acting via LpxH, a clinically unexploited target in lipopolysaccharide synthesis. The lipopolysaccharide synthesis pathway is essential in most Gram-negative bacteria and there is no analogous pathway in humans. Based on a series of phenotypic screens, we identified a hit targeting this pathway that had activity on efflux-defective strains of Escherichia coli. We recognized common structural elements between this hit and a previously ...
