38期

最新文章

• Hierarchical bound states in heat transport AI翻译
  作者：Yang, Shuihua; Xu, Guoqiang; Zhou, Xue; Li, Jiaxin; Kong, Xianghong; Zhou, Chenglong; Fan, Haiyan; Chen, Jianfeng; Qiu, Cheng - Wei
  作者单位：National University of Singapore; Chongqing Technology & Business University; Harbin Institute of Technology; Hong Kong Polytechnic University; National University of Singapore
  摘要：Higher- order topological phases in non- Hermitian photonics revolutionize the understanding of wave propagation and modulation, which lead to hierarchical states in open systems. However, intrinsic insulating properties endorsed by the lattice symmetry of photonic crystals fundamentally confine the robust transport only at explicit system boundaries, letting alone the flexible reconfiguration in hierarchical states at arbitrary positions. Here, we report a dynamic topological platform for cre...
• Mechanical confinement prevents ectopic platelet release AI翻译
  作者：Guinard, Ines; Brassard-Jollive, Noemie; Ruch, Laurie; Weber, Josiane; Eckly, Anita; Boscher, Julie; Leon, Catherine
  作者单位：Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universites de Strasbourg Etablissements Associes; Universite de Strasbourg; Universite de Lorraine
  摘要：Blood platelets are produced by megakaryocytes (MKs), their parent cells, which are in the bone marrow. Once mature, MK pierces through the sinusoid vessel, and the initial protrusion further elongates as proplatelet or buds to release platelets. The mechanisms controlling the decision to initiate proplatelet and platelet formation are unknown. Here, we show that the mechanical properties of the microenvironment prevent proplatelet and platelet release in the marrow stroma while allowing this ...
• Quantitative insights into the mechanism of proton conduction and selectivity for the human voltage- gated proton channel Hv1 AI翻译
  作者：Liu, Yu; Li, Chenghan; Freites, Alfredo; Tobias, Douglas J.; Voth, Gregory A.
  作者单位：University of Chicago; University of Chicago; University of California System; University of California Irvine
  摘要：Human voltage- gated proton (hHv1) channels are crucial for regulating essential biological processes such as immune cell respiratory burst, sperm capacitation, and cancer cell migration. Despite the significant concentration difference between protons and other ions in physiological conditions, hHv1 demonstrates remarkable proton selectivity. Our calculations of single- proton, cation, and anion permeation free energy profiles quantitatively demonstrate that the proton selectivity of the wild...
• Restoration of LAMP2A expression in old mice leads to changes in the T cell compartment that support improved immune function AI翻译
  作者：Reynolds, Cara A.; Pelka, Sandra; Gjergjova, Floralba; Tasset, Inmaculada; Khawaja, Rabia R.; Lindenau, Kristen; Krause, Gregory J.; Gavathiotis, Evripidis; Cuervo, Ana Maria; Macian, Fernando; Heissmeyer, Vigo
  作者单位：Yeshiva University; Montefiore Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Montefiore Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Yeshiva University; Montefiore Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Yeshiva University; Universidad de Cordoba; Montefiore Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Yeshiva University
  摘要：Chaperone- mediated autophagy (CMA) is a selective form of autophagy that contributes to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. CMA activity declines with age in most tissues and systems, including the immune system, due to a reduction in levels of lysosome- associated membrane protein type 2A (LAMP2A), an essential CMA component. In this study, we show that overexpressing a copy of hLAMP2A within T cells since middle- age can prevent some of their age- associated loss of function. Our data ...
• Host- derived CEACAM-laden vesicles engage enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli for elimination and toxin neutralization AI翻译
  作者：Sheikh, Alaullah; Ganguli, Debayan; Vickers, Tim J.; Singer, Bernhard B.; Foulke, Jennifer; Akhtar, Marjahan; Khatoon, Nazia; Setu, Bipul; Basu, Supratim; Harro, Clayton; Maier, Nicole; Beatty, Wandy L.; Chakraborty, Subhra; Bhuiyan, Taufiqur R.; Qadri, Firdausi; Donowitz, Mark; Fleckenstein, James M.
  作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); University of Duisburg Essen; Johns Hopkins University; International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR); Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; Washington University (WUSTL); US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA)
  摘要：Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) cause hundreds of millions of diarrheal illnesses annually ranging from mildly symptomatic cases to severe, life- threatening cholera- like diarrhea. Although ETEC are associated with long- term sequelae including malnutrition, the acute diarrheal illness is largely self- limited. Recent studies indicate that in addition to causing diarrhea, the ETEC heat- labile toxin (LT) modulates the expression of many genes in intestinal epithelia, including carcino...
• Ramping cells in the rodent medial prefrontal cortex encode time to past and future events via real Laplace transform AI翻译
  作者：Cao, Rui; Bright, Ian M.; Howard, Marc W.
  作者单位：Boston University
  摘要：In interval reproduction tasks, animals must remember the event starting the interval and anticipate the time of the planned response to terminate the interval. The interval reproduction task thus allows for studying both memory for the past and anticipation of the future. We analyzed previously published recordings from the rodent medial prefrontal cortex [J. Henke et al., eLife 10, e71612 (2021)] during an interval reproduction task and identified two cell groups by modeling their temporal r...
• Childhood PM2.5 exposure and upward mobility in the United States AI翻译
  作者：Lee, Sophie-An Kingsbury; Merlo, Luca; Dominici, Francesca
  作者单位：European University of Rome; Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
  摘要：Although it is well documented that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) increases the risk of several adverse health outcomes, less is known about its relationship with economic opportunity. Previous studies have relied on regression modeling, which implied strict assumptions regarding confounding adjustments and did not explore geographical heterogeneity. We obtained data for 63,165 US census tracts (86% of all census tracts in the United States) on absolute upward mobility (AUM) defi...
• Three- dimensional chromatin mapping of sensory neurons reveals that promoter-enhancer looping is required for axonal regeneration AI翻译
  作者：Palmisano, Ilaria; Liu, Tong; Gao, Wei; Zhou, Luming; Merkenschlager, Matthias; Mueller, Franziska; Chadwick, Jessica; Rivalta, Rebecca Toscano; Kong, Guiping; King, James W. D.; Jibury, Ediem Al -; Yan, Yuyang; Carlino, Alessandro; Collison, Bryce; De Vitis, Eleonora; Gongala, Sree; De Virgiliis, Francesco; Wang, Zheng; Di Giovanni, Simone
  作者单位：Imperial College London; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University of Miami; Imperial College London
  摘要：The in vivo three- dimensional genomic architecture of adult mature neurons at homeostasis and after medically relevant perturbations such as axonal injury remains elusive. Here, we address this knowledge gap by mapping the three- dimensional chromatin architecture and gene expression program at homeostasis and after sciatic nerve injury in wild- type and cohesin- deficient mouse sensory dorsal root ganglia neurons via combinatorial Hi- C, promoter- capture Hi- C, CUT&Tag for H3K27ac and RNA-s...
• MiR-155-targeted IcosL controls tumor rejection (vol 121, e2408649121, 2024) AI翻译
  作者：Tili, Esmerina; Otsu, Hajime; Commisso, Teresa L.; Palamarchuk, Alexey; Balatti, Veronica; Michaille, Jean-Jacques; Nuovo, Gerard James; Croce, Carlo M.
• People who share encounters with racism are silenced online by humans and machines, but a guideline-reframing intervention holds promise AI翻译
  作者：Lee, Cinoo; Gligoric, Kristina; Kalluri, Pratyusha Ria; Harrington, Maggie; Durmus, Esin; Sanchez, Kiara L.; San, Nay; Tse, Danny; Zhao, Xuan; Hamedani, MarYam G.; Markus, Hazel Rose; Jurafsky, Dan; Eberhardt, Jennifer L.
  作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Dartmouth College; Stanford University; Stanford University
  摘要：Are members of marginalized communities silenced on social media when they share personal experiences of racism? Here, we investigate the role of algorithms, humans, and platform guidelines in suppressing disclosures of racial discrimination. In a field study of actual posts from a neighborhood-based social media platform, we find that when users talk about their experiences as targets of racism, their posts are disproportionately flagged for removal as toxic by five widely used moderation alg...