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作者：Krushinski, Lynn E.; Herchenbach, Patrick J.; Dick, Jeffrey E.
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：The curious chemistry observed in microdroplets has captivated chemists in recent years and has led to an investigation into their ability to drive seemingly impossible chemistries. One particularly interesting capability of these microdroplets is their ability to accelerate reactions by several orders of magnitude. While there have been many investigations into which reactions can be accelerated by confinement within microdroplets, no study has directly compared reaction acceleration at the l...
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作者：Sogues, Adria; Leigh, Kendra; Halingstad, Ethan, V; van der Verren, Sander E.; Cecil, Adam J.; Fioravanti, Antonella; Pak, Alexander J.; Kudryashev, Misha; Remaut, Han
作者单位：Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB); Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Max Planck Society; Goethe University Frankfurt; Helmholtz Association; Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine; Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; Colorado School of Mines; Colorado School of Mines; Colorado School of Mines
摘要：Bacillus anthracis is a spore- forming gram- positive bacterium responsible for anthrax, an infectious disease with a high mortality rate and a target of concern due to bioterrorism and long- term site contamination. The entire surface of vegetative cells in exponential or stationary growth phase is covered in proteinaceous arrays called S- layers, composed of Sap or EA1 protein, respectively. The Sap S- layer represents an important virulence factor and cell envelope support structure whose p...
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作者：Nikolov, Svetoslav; Ramakrishna, Kushal; Rohskopf, Andrew; Lokamani, Mani; Tranchida, Julien; Carpenter, John; Cangi, Attila; Mao, Ho-kwang
作者单位：United States Department of Energy (DOE); Sandia National Laboratories; Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR); CEA
摘要：gather important elastic and transport properties needed to uncover key mechanisms surrounding the geodynamo effect. Herein, a machine-learned ab initio derived molecular-spin dynamics (MSD) methodology with explicit treatment for longitudinal spin-fluctuations is utilized to probe the dynamic phase-diagram of iron. This framework uniquely enables an accurate resolution of the phase-transition kinetics and Earth-core elastic properties, as highlighted by compressional wave velocity and adiabat...
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作者：Chen, Xinlu; Urban, John M.; Wurlitzer, Jens; Wei, Xiuting; Han, Jin; O'Connor, Sarah E.; Rudolf, Jeffrey D.; Koellner, Tobias G.; Chen, Feng
作者单位：University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville; UT Institute of Agriculture; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Carnegie Institution for Science; Carnegie Institution for Science; Max Planck Society; State University System of Florida; University of Florida
摘要：Insects employ terpenoids for communication both within and between species. While terpene synthases derived from isoprenyl diphosphate synthase have been shown to catalyze terpenoid biosynthesis in some insects, canonical terpene synthases (TPS) commonly found in plants, fungi, and bacteria were previously unidentified in insects. This study reveals the presence of TPS genes in insects, likely originating via horizontal gene transfer from noninsect arthropods. By examining 361 insect genomes,...
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作者：Pattison, Luke A.; Rickman, Rebecca H.; Hilton, Helen; Dannawi, Maya; Wijesinghe, Susanne N.; Ladds, Graham; Yang, Li, V; Jones, Simon W.; Smith, Ewan St John
作者单位：University of Cambridge; University of Birmingham; University of North Carolina; East Carolina University
摘要：Inflammation is associated with localized acidosis, however, attributing physiological and pathological roles to proton- sensitive receptors is challenging due to their diversity and widespread expression. Here, agonists of the proton- sensing GPCR, GPR65, were proton- induced signaling events and demonstrated selectivity for GPR65. BTB was used to show that GPR65 activation on fibroblast- like synoviocytes (FLS), cells that line synovial joints, results in the secretion of proinflammatory med...
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作者：Zhang, Ning; Sood, Damini; Guo, Spencer C.; Chen, Nanhao; Antoszewski, Adam; Marianchuk, Tegan; Dey, Supratim; Xiao, Yunxian; Hong, Lu; Peng, Xiangda; Baxa, Michael; Partch, Carrie; Wang, Lee-Ping; Sosnick, Tobin R.; Dinner, Aaron R.; Liwang, Andy
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Merced; University of Chicago; University of Chicago; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of Chicago; University of Chicago; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; University of California System; University of California Merced; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology, CAS; Duke University
摘要：The oscillator of the cyanobacterial circadian clock relies on the ability of the KaiB protein to switch reversibly between a stable ground- state fold (gsKaiB) and an unstable fold- switched fold (fsKaiB). Rare fold- switching events by KaiB provide a critical delay in the negative feedback loop of this posttranslational oscillator. In this study, we experimentally and computationally investigate the temperature dependence of fold switching and its mechanism. We demonstrate that the stability...
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作者：Mladjenovic, Stefan M.; Chandok, Ishaan S.; Darbandi, Ali; Nguyen, Luan N. M.; Stordy, Benjamin; Zhen, Mei; Chan, Warren C. W.
作者单位：University of Toronto; University of Toronto; Harvard University; Harvard University; University of Toronto; Sinai Health System Toronto; Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute; University of Toronto; Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Toronto; Nanyang Technological University
摘要：Delivering medical agents to diseased tissues has been challenging, leading researchers to study the in vivo transport process in the body for improving delivery. Many imaging techniques exist for mapping the distribution of medical agent- carrying nanoparticles in tissues, but they cannot capture the three- dimensional context of tissues with single microscopy (3D EM) machine learning strategy to image and map single nanoparticle distributions (NPD) in tissues. 3DEM- NPD provides unbiased vis...
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作者：Hendrix, Josie; Hait, Diptarka; Michelsen, Hope A.; Head, Martin
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Stanford University; Stanford University; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) play a major role in the chemistry of combustion, pyrolysis, and the interstellar medium. Production (or activation) of radical PAHs and propagation of their resulting reactions require efficient dehydrogenation, but the preferred method of hydrogen loss is not well understood. Unimolecular hydrogen ejection (i.e., direct C-H bond fission) and bimolecular radical abstraction are two main candidate pathways. We performed a computational study to character...
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作者：Songa, Min; Shin, Eun Ju; Seod, Hyojung; Soltanie, Alireza; Steinmetz, Nicholas A.; Lee, Daeyeol; Jung, Min Whan; Paikk, Se-Bum
作者单位：Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST); Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST); Institute for Basic Science - Korea (IBS); Yale University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST)
摘要：Many anatomical and physiological features of cortical circuits, ranging from the biophysical properties of synapses to the connectivity patterns among different neuron types, exhibit consistent variation along the hierarchical axis from sensory to association areas. Notably, the temporal correlation of neural activity at rest, known as the intrinsic timescale, increases systematically along this hierarchy in both primates and rodents, analogous to the increasing scale and complexity of spatia...
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作者：Luo, Hui; Xuan, Hongli; Wang, Dong; Du, Ziwan; Li, Zhongyang; Bu, Kejun; Guo, Songhao; Mao, Yuhong; Lan, Fujun; Liu, Fuyang; Yin, Yanfeng; Tian, Wenming; Hu, Qingyang; Liu, Gang; Liu, Haozhe; Zeng, Qiaoshi; Ding, Yang; Fu, Yongping; Li, Qian; Jin, Shengye; Yang, Wenge; Mao, Ho - Kwang; Lu, Xujie
作者单位：Tsinghua University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Peking University
摘要：High pressure can create extreme conditions that enable the formation of novel materials and the discovery of new phenomena. However, the ability to preserve the desirable characteristics of materials obtained under high pressure has remained an elusive challenge, as the pressure- induced changes are typically reversible, except for the pressure- induced chemical reactions such as polymerization of hydrocarbons. Here, we propose the concept of pressure aging (PA) that enables the permanent loc...
