2024

最新文章

• Jamaican fruit bats mount a stable and highly neutralizing antibody response after bat influenza virus infection AI翻译
  作者：Kessler, Susanne; Stegen, Philipp; Zhan, Shijun; Schwemmle, Martin; Reuther, Peter; Schountz, Tony; Ciminski, Kevin
  作者单位：University of Freiburg; University of Freiburg; Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins
  摘要：Antibodies are an essential component of the antiviral response in many species, but to immunity, including neutralizing antibodies. Here, we report that infection of Jamaican fruit bats with the bat influenza A virus H18N11 elicits a rapid and stable humoral immune response with a strong neutralizing capacity, associated with no detectable viral shedding after repeat challenge infection. Thus, the neutralizing antibody response of bats might play an important role in the bat immunity.
• Innovations through crop switching happen on the diverse margins of US agriculture AI翻译
  作者：Kling, Matthew M.; Brittain, Christopher T.; Galford, Gillian L.; Waring, Timothy M.; Hebert-Dufresne, Laurent; Dube, Matthew P.; Sabzian, Hossein; Gotelli, Nicholas J.; McGill, Brian J.; Niles, Meredith T.
  作者单位：University of Vermont; University of Vermont; University of Vermont; University of Vermont; University of Maine System; University of Maine Orono; University of Maine System; University of Maine Orono; University of Vermont; University of Vermont; University of Maine System; University of Maine Augusta; University of Maine System; University of Maine Orono
  摘要：Crop switching, in which farmers grow a crop that is novel to a given field, can help agricultural systems adapt to changing environmental, cultural, and market forces. Yet while regional crop production trends receive significant attention, relatively little is known about the local-scale crop switching that underlies these macrotrends. We characterized local crop-switching patterns across the United States using the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Cropland Data Layer, an annual time seri...
• Capturing a methanogenic carbon monoxide dehydrogenase/acetyl-CoA synthase complex via cryogenic electron microscopy AI翻译
  作者：Biester, Alison; Grahame, David A.; Drennan, Catherine L.
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences - USA; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  摘要：Approximately two- thirds of the estimated one- billion metric tons of methane produced annually by methanogens is derived from the cleavage of acetate. Acetate is broken down by a Ni- Fe- S- containing A- cluster within the enzyme acetyl-CoA synthase (ACS) to carbon monoxide (CO) and a methyl group (CH3+). The methyl group ultimately forms the greenhouse gas methane, whereas CO is converted to the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) by a Ni- Fe- S- containing C- cluster within the enzyme carb...
• Partitioning the drivers of Antarctic glacier mass balance (2003-2020) using satellite observations and a regional climate model AI翻译
  作者：Kim, Byeong- Hoon; Seo, Ki- Weon; Lee, Choon-Ki; Kim, Jae- Seung; Lee, Won Sang; Jin, Emilia Kyung; van den Broeke, Michiel
  作者单位：Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI); Seoul National University (SNU); Utrecht University
  摘要：We investigate the mass changes of Antarctic glaciers from 2003 to 2020, partitioning them into the contributions of surface mass balance (SMB) and ice discharge, using high- resolution ice mass change estimates derived from the combination of two different types of satellite observations (gravimetry and altimetry) and outputs from a regional climate model. Our analysis indicates that changes in ice discharge have played a dominant role in ongoing ice mass trends and their accelerations, espec...
• Modulation of diabetes- related retinal pathophysiology by PTX3 AI翻译
  作者：Pathak, Varun; Bertelli, Pietro M.; Pedrini, Edoardo; Harkin, Kevin; Peixoto, Elisa; Allen, Lynsey - Dawn; Mcloughlin, Kiran; Chavda, Natasha D.; Hamill, Kevin J.; Fuchs, Jasenka Guduric -; Inforzato, Antonio; Bottazzi, Barbara; Stitt, Alan W.; Medina, Reinhold J.
  作者单位：Queens University Belfast; Humanitas University
  摘要：Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes characterized by vascular pathology and neuroinflammation. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a soluble pattern recognition molecule that functions at the crossroads between innate immunity, inflammation, and tissue remodeling. DR is known to involve inflammatory pathways, although the potential relevance of PTX3 has not been explored. We found that PTX3 protein levels increased in the retina of diabetic mice. Similarly, evaluation of a publicl...
• Using JADES NIRCam photometry to investigate the dependence of stellar mass inferences on the IMF in the early universe AI翻译
  作者：Woodrum, Charity; Rieke, Marcia; Ji, Zhiyuan; Baker, William M.; Bhatawdekar, Rachana; Bunker, Andrew J.; Charlot, Stephane; Curtis-Lake, Emma; Eisenstein, Daniel J.; Hainline, Kevin; Hausen, Ryan; Helton, Jakob M.; Hviding, Raphael E.; Johnson, Benjamin D.; Robertson, Brant; Sun, Fengwu; Tacchella, Sandro; Whitler, Lily; Williams, Christina C.; Willmer, Christopher N. A.
  作者单位：University of Arizona; University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge; European Space Agency; European Space Astronomy Center; University of Oxford; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Earth Sciences & Astronomy (INSU); Sorbonne Universite; University of Hertfordshire; Smithsonian Institution; Johns Hopkins University; Max Planck Society; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
  摘要：The detection of numerous and relatively bright galaxies at redshifts z > 9 has prompted new investigations into the star-forming properties of high-redshift galaxies. Using local forms of the initial mass function (IMF) to estimate stellar masses of these galaxies from their light output leads to galaxy masses that are at the limit allowed for explore how varying the IMF assumed in studies of galaxies in the early universe changes the inferred values for the stellar masses of these galaxies. ...
• Hopping and crawling DNA-coated colloids AI翻译
  作者：Zheng, Jeana Aojie; Holmes-Cerfon, Miranda; Pine, David J.; Marbach, Sophie
  作者单位：New York University; University of British Columbia; New York University; New York University; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Sorbonne Universite
  摘要：Understanding the motion of particles with multivalent ligand-receptors is important for biomedical applications and material design. Yet, even among a single design, the prototypical DNA-coated colloids, seemingly similar micrometric particles hop or roll, depending on the study. We shed light on this problem by observing DNA-coated colloids diffusing near surfaces coated with complementary strands for a wide array of coating designs. We find colloids rapidly switch between 2 modes: They hop-...
• Small field chaos in spin glasses: Universal predictions from the ultrametric tree and comparison with numerical simulations AI翻译
  作者：Aguilar-Janita, Miguel; Franz, Silvio; Martin-Mayor, Victor; Moreno-Gordo, Javier; Parisi, Giorgio; Ricci-Tersenghi, Federico; Ruiz-Lorenzo, Juan J.
  作者单位：Universidad Rey Juan Carlos; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Saclay; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - UAM - Institut de Fisica Teorica (IFT); Complutense University of Madrid; University of Zaragoza; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - UAM - Institut de Fisica Teorica (IFT); Universidad de Extremadura; Universidad de Extremadura; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto di Nanotecnologia (NANOTEC-CNR); Sapienza University Rome; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)
  摘要：Replica symmetry breaking (RSB) for spin glasses predicts that the equilibrium configuration at two different magnetic fields are maximally decorrelated. We show that this theory presents quantitative predictions for this chaotic behavior under the application of a vanishing external magnetic field, in the crossover region where the root field intensity scales proportionally to 1/ N , being N the system size. We show that RSB theory provides universal predictions for chaotic behavior: They dep...
• Reply to Wang et al.: Body size and composition are the primary contributors to human thermoregulatory variation by sex AI翻译
  作者：Brychta, Robert J.; Lamunion, Samuel R.; Courville, Amber B.; Reitman, Marc L.; Cypess, Aaron M.; Chen, Kong Y.
  作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
• Cell- type- specific enhancement of deviance detection by synaptic zinc in the mouse auditory cortex AI翻译
  作者：McCollum, Mason; Manning, Abbey; Bender, Philip T. R.; Mendelson, Benjamin Z.; Anderson, Charles T.
  作者单位：West Virginia University
  摘要：Stimulus- specific adaptation is a hallmark of sensory processing in which a repeated stimulus results in diminished successive neuronal responses, but a deviant stimulus will still elicit robust responses from the same neurons. Recent work has established that synaptically released zinc is an endogenous mechanism that shapes neuronal responses to sounds in the auditory cortex. Here, to understand the contributions of synaptic zinc to deviance detection of specific neurons, we performed wide- ...