2024

最新文章

• MXene- mediated reconfiguration induces robust nickel-iron catalysts for industrial- grade water oxidation AI翻译
  作者：Yu, Qian; Chen, Yuzhen; Liu, Jiao; Li, Cheng; Hu, Jingguo; Xu, Xiaoyong
  作者单位：Yangzhou University
  摘要：Nickel-iron oxy/hydroxides (NiFeOxHy) emerge as an attractive type of electrocatalysts for alkaline water oxidation reaction (WOR), but which encounter a huge challenge in stability, especially at industrial - grade large current density due to uncontrollable Fe leakage. Here, we tailor the Fe coordination by a MXene- mediated reconfiguration strategy for the resultant NiFeOxHy catalyst to alleviate Fe leakage and thus reinforce the WOR stability. The introduction of ultrafine MXene with surfa...
• The driving force behind tool- stone selection in the African Middle Stone Age AI翻译
  作者：Schmidt, Patrick; Pappas, Ioannis; Porraz, Guillaume; Berthold, Christoph; Nickel, Klaus G.
  作者单位：Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; Aix-Marseille Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Witwatersrand; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen
  摘要：In the Stone Age, the collection of specific rocks was the first step in tool making. Very little is known about the choices made during tool - stone acquisition. Were choices governed by the knowledge of, and need for, specific properties of stones? Or were the collected raw materials a mere by- product of the way people moved through the landscape? We investigate these questions in the Middle Stone Age (MSA) of southern Africa, analyzing the mechanical properties of tool- stones used at the ...
• Episodic fluid venting from sedimentary basins fueled by pressurized mudstones AI翻译
  作者：Kearney, Luke M.; Katz, Richard F.; Macminn, Christopher W.; Kirkham, Chris; Cartwright, Joe
  作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Oxford
  摘要：Subsurface sandstone reservoirs sealed by overlying, low -permeability layers provide capacity for long-term sequestration of anthropogenic waste. Leakage can occur if reservoir pressures rise sufficiently to fracture the seal. Such pressures can be generated within the reservoir by vigorous injection of waste or, over thousands of years, by natural processes. In either case, the precise role of intercalated mudstones in the long-term evolution of reservoir pressure remains unclear; these laye...
• Coordination between circadian neural circuit and intracellular molecular clock ensures rhythmic activation of adult neural stem cells AI翻译
  作者：Liu, Qiang; Luo, Xing; Liang, Ziqi; Qin, Dezhe; Xu, Mingyue; Wang, Min; Guo, Weixiang
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Genetics & Developmental Biology, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS
  摘要：The circadian clock throughout the day organizes the activity of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the dentate gyrus (DG) of adult hippocampus temporally. However, it is still unclear whether and how circadian signals from the niches contribute to daily rhythmic variation of NSC activation. Here, we show that norepinephrinergic (NEergic) projections from the locus coeruleus (LC), a brain arousal system, innervate into adult DG, where daily rhythmic release of norepinephrine (NE) from the LC NEergic ...
• Enhanced charge- carrier dynamics and efficient solar- to- urea conversion on Si- based photocathodes AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Xiaoran; Lyu, Yanhong; Chen, Chen; Zheng, Jianyun; Jiang, San Ping; Wang, Shuangyin
  作者单位：Hunan University; Curtin University; Advanced Energy Science & Technology Guangdong Laboratory; Foshan Xianhu Laboratory
  摘要：Photoelectrochemical (PEC) coupling of CO2 and nitrate can provide a useful and green source of urea, but the process is affected by the photocathodes with poor charge- carrier dynamics and low conversion efficiency. Here, a NiFe diatomic catalysts/TiO2 layer/nanostructured n+p- Si photocathode is rationally designed, achieving a good charge- separation efficiency of 78.8% and charge- injection efficiency of 56.9% in the process of PEC urea synthesis. Compared with the electrocatalytic urea sy...
• Permafrost extent sets drainage density in the Arctic AI翻译
  作者：Del Vecchio, Joanmarie; Palucis, Marisa C.; Meyer, Colin R.
  作者单位：Dartmouth College; Dartmouth College; Dartmouth College
  摘要：Amplified warming of high latitudes and rapid thaw of frozen ground threaten permafrost carbon stocks. The presence of permafrost modulates water infiltration and flow, as well as sediment transport, on soil-mantled slopes, influencing the balance of advective fluvial processes to diffusive processes on hillslopes in ways that are different from temperate settings. These processes that shape permafrost landscapes also impact the carbon stored on soil-mantled hillslopes via temperature, saturat...
• A bifurcation integrates information from many noisy ion channels and allows for milli-Kelvin thermal sensitivity in the snake pit organ AI翻译
  作者：Graf, Isabella R.; Machta, Benjamin B.
  作者单位：Yale University; Yale University
  摘要：In various biological systems, information from many noisy molecular receptors must be integrated into a collective response. A striking example is the thermal imaging organ of pit vipers. Single nerve fibers in the organ reliably respond to milli -Kelvin (mK) temperature increases, a thousand times more sensitive than their molecular sensors, thermo-transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels. Here, we propose a mechanism for the integration of this molecular information. In our model, am...
• Streamlined identification of clinically and functionally relevant genetic regulators of lower- tract urogenital development AI翻译
  作者：Haller, Meade; Yin, Yan; Haller, Gabe; Li, Tian; Li, Qiufang; Lamb, Laura E.; Ma, Liang
  作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Oakland University
  摘要：Congenital anomalies of the lower genitourinary (LGU) tract are frequently comorbid due to genetically linked developmental pathways, and are among the most common yet most socially stigmatized congenital phenotypes. Genes involved in sexual differentiation are prime candidates for developmental anomalies of multiple LGU organs, but insufficient prospective screening tools have prevented the rapid identification of causative genes. Androgen signaling is among the most influential modulators of...
• Folding- upon- binding pathways of an intrinsically disordered protein from a deep Markov state model AI翻译
  作者：Sisk, Thomas R.; Robustelli, Paul
  作者单位：Dartmouth College
  摘要：A central challenge in the study of intrinsically disordered proteins is the characterization of the mechanisms by which they bind their physiological interaction partners. Here, we utilize a deep learning-based Markov state modeling approach to characterize the folding- upon- binding pathways observed in a long timescale molecular dynamics simulation of a disordered region of the measles virus nucleoprotein NTAIL reversibly binding the X domain of the measles virus phosphoprotein complex. We ...
• Genetic disruption of the bacterial raiA motif noncoding RNA causes defects in sporulation and aggregation AI翻译
  作者：Soares, Lucas W.; King, Christopher G.; Fernando, Chrishan M.; Roth, Adam; Breaker, Ronald R.
  作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Yale University; Yale University
  摘要：Several structured noncoding RNAs in bacteria are essential contributors to fundamental cellular processes. Thus, discoveries of additional ncRNA classes provide opportunities to uncover and explore biochemical mechanisms relevant to other major and potentially ancient processes. A candidate structured ncRNA named the raiA motif has been found via bioinformatic analyses in over 2,500 bacterial species. The gene coding for the RNA typically resides between the raiA and comFC genes of many speci...