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作者：Robin, P.; Emmerich, T.; Ismail, A.; Nigues, A.; You, Y.; Nam, G. -H.; Keerthi, A.; Siria, A.; Geim, A. K.; Radha, B.; Bocquet, L.
作者单位：Sorbonne Universite; Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Cite; University of Manchester; University of Manchester; University of Manchester
摘要：Fine-tuned ion transport across nanoscale pores is key to many biological processes, including neurotransmission. Recent advances have enabled the confinement of water and ions to two dimensions, unveiling transport properties inaccessible at larger scales and triggering hopes of reproducing the ionic machinery of biological systems. Here we report experiments demonstrating the emergence of memory in the transport of aqueous electrolytes across (sub)nanoscale channels. We unveil two types of n...
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作者：Lebek, Simon; Chemello, Francesco; Caravia, Xurde M.; Tan, Wei; Li, Hui; Chen, Kenian; Xu, Lin; Liu, Ning; Bassel-Duby, Rhonda; Olson, Eric N.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Regensburg; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
摘要：CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing is emerging as a prospective therapy for genomic mutations. However, current editing approaches are directed primarily toward relatively small cohorts of patients with specific mutations. Here, we describe a cardioprotective strategy potentially applicable to a broad range of patients with heart disease. We used base editing to ablate the oxidative activation sites of CaMKIId, a primary driver of cardiac disease. We show in cardiomyocytes derived from human induced plu...
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作者：Xiong, Tianyi; Li, Changwei; He, Xiulan; Xie, Boyang; Zong, Jianwei; Jiang, Yanan; Ma, Wenjie; Wu, Fei; Fei, Junjie; Yu, Ping; Mao, Lanqun
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Chemistry, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Xiangtan University; Beijing Normal University
摘要：Reproducing ion channel-based neural functions with artificial fluidic systems has long been an aspirational goal for both neuromorphic computing and biomedical applications. In this study, neuromorphic functions were successfully accomplished with a polyelectrolyte-confined fluidic memristor (PFM), in which confined polyelectrolyte-ion interactions contributed to hysteretic ion transport, resulting in ion memory effects. Various electric pulse patterns were emulated by PFM with ultralow energ...
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作者：Osipova, Ekaterina; Barsacchi, Rico; Brown, Tom; Sadanandan, Keren; Gaede, Andrea H.; Monte, Amanda; Jarrells, Julia; Moebius, Claudia; Pippel, Martin; Altshuler, Douglas L.; Winkler, Sylke; Bickle, Marc; Baldwin, Maude W.; Hiller, Michael
作者单位：Max Planck Society; Max Planck Society; Leibniz Association; Senckenberg Gesellschaft fur Naturforschung (SGN); Goethe University Frankfurt; Technische Universitat Dresden; Max Planck Society; University of British Columbia; University of London; University of London Royal Veterinary College; Max Planck Society
摘要：Hummingbirds possess distinct metabolic adaptations to fuel their energy-demanding hovering flight, but the underlying genomic changes are largely unknown. Here, we generated a chromosome-level genome assembly of the long-tailed hermit and screened for genes that have been specifically inactivated in the ancestral hummingbird lineage. We discovered that FBP2 (fructose-bisphosphatase 2), which encodes a gluconeogenic muscle enzyme, was lost during a time period when hovering flight evolved. We ...
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作者：Lipsh-Sokolik, R.; Khersonsky, O.; Schroder, S. P.; de Boer, C.; Hoch, S. -Y.; Davies, G. J.; Overkleeft, H. S.; Fleishman, S. J.
作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; Leiden University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; University of York - UK; DSM NV
摘要：The design of structurally diverse enzymes is constrained by long-range interactions that are necessary for accurate folding. We introduce an atomistic and machine learning strategy for the combinatorial assembly and design of enzymes (CADENZ) to design fragments that combine with one another to generate diverse, low-energy structures with stable catalytic constellations. We applied CADENZ to endoxylanases and used activity-based protein profiling to recover thousands of structurally diverse e...
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作者：Ma, Shang; Dubin, Adrienne E.; Romero, Luis O.; Loud, Meaghan; Salazar, Alexandra; Chu, Sarah; Klier, Nikola; Masri, Sameer; Zhang, Yunxiao; Wang, Yu; Chesler, Alex T.; Wilkinson, Katherine A.; Vasquez, Valeria; Marshall, Kara L.; Patapoutian, Ardem
作者单位：Scripps Research Institute; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; California State University System; San Jose State University; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; Baylor College of Medicine
摘要：Distal arthrogryposis (DA) is a collection of rare disorders that are characterized by congenital joint contractures. Most DA mutations are in muscle- and joint-related genes, and the anatomical defects originate cell-autonomously within the musculoskeletal system. However, gain-of-function mutations in PIEZO2, a principal mechanosensor in somatosensation, cause DA subtype 5 (DA5) through unknown mechanisms. We show that expression of a gain-of-function PIEZO2 mutation in proprioceptive sensor...
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作者：Peters-Collaer, Stephen
作者单位：University of Vermont
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作者：Ma, Chunqing; T. Eickemeyer, Felix; Lee, Sun-Ho; Kang, Dong-Ho; Kwon, Seok Joon; Gratzel, Michael; Park, Nam-Gyu
作者单位：Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU); Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU); Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU); Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU)
摘要：A myriad of studies and strategies have already been devoted to improving the stability of perovskite films; however, the role of the different perovskite crystal facets in stability is still unknown. Here, we reveal the underlying mechanisms of facet-dependent degradation of formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) films. We show that the (100) facet is substantially more vulnerable to moisture-induced degradation than the (111) facet. With combined experimental and theoretical studies, the degrada...
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作者：Li, Yunjie; Yuan, Guo; Li, Linlin; Kang, Jian; Yan, Fengkai; Du, Pengju; Raabe, Dierk; Wang, Guodong
作者单位：Northeastern University - China; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Metal Research, CAS; Max Planck Society
摘要：Mechanically strong and ductile load-carrying materials are needed in all sectors, from transportation to lightweight design to safe infrastructure. Yet, a grand challenge is to unify both features in one material. We show that a plain medium-manganese steel can be processed to have a tensile strength >2.2 gigapascals at a uniform elongation >20%. This requires a combination of multiple transversal forging, cryogenic treatment, and tempering steps. A hierarchical microstructure that consists o...
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作者：Wang, Yufeng; Huang, Jiayu; Wang, Wei; Du, Tianyu; Xie, Yurun; Ma, Yuxin; Xiao, Chunlei; Zhang, Zhaojun; Zhang, Dong H.; Yang, Xueming
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Southern University of Science & Technology; Southern University of Science & Technology; Hefei National Laboratory
摘要：Prealigning nonpolar reacting molecules leads to large stereodynamical effects because of their weak steering interaction en route to the reaction barrier. However, experimental limitations in preparing aligned molecules efficiently have hindered the investigation of steric effects in bimolecular reactions involving hydrogen. Here, we report a high-resolution crossed-beam study of the reaction H + HD(v = 1, j = 2) -> H2(v ', j ') + D at collision energies of 0.50, 1.20, and 2.07 electron volts...
