作者：Loeffler-Henry, Karl; Kang, Changku; Sherratt, Thomas N.
作者单位：Carleton University; Seoul National University (SNU); Seoul National University (SNU)
摘要：The initial evolution of warning signals in unprofitable prey, termed aposematism, is often seen as a paradox because any new conspicuous mutant would be easier to detect than its cryptic conspecifics and not readily recognized by naive predators as defended. One possibility is that permanent aposematism first evolved through species using hidden warning signals, which are only exposed to would-be predators on encounter. Here, we present a large-scale analysis of evolutionary transitions in am...
作者：Hunkeler, Moritz; Jin, Cyrus Y.; Fischer, Eric S.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
摘要：Tight regulation of apoptosis is essential for metazoan development and prevents diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration. Caspase activation is central to apoptosis, and inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are the principal actors that restrain caspase activity and are therefore attractive therapeutic targets. IAPs, in turn, are regulated by mitochondria-derived proapoptotic factors such as SMAC and HTRA2. Through a series of cryo-electron microscopy structures of full-length human ba...
作者：Munoz, Jose M.
作者单位：University of Navarra; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital
作者：Giannakis, Marios; Ng, Kimmie
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute
作者：Santambrogio, Laura
作者单位：Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine
作者：Zhai, Yue; Chen, Liang; Zhao, Qian; Zheng, Zhao-Hui; Chen, Zhi-Nan; Bian, Huijie; Yang, Xu; Lu, Huan-Yu; Lin, Peng; Chen, Xi; Chen, Ruo; Sun, Hao-Yang; Fan, Lin-Ni; Zhang, Kun; Wang, Bin; Sun, Xiu-Xuan; Feng, Zhuan; Zhu, Yu-Meng; Zhou, Jian-Sheng; Chen, Shi-Rui; Zhang, Tao; Chen, Si-Yu; Chen, Jun-Jie; Zhang, Kui; Wang, Yan; Chang, Yang; Zhang, Rui; Zhang, Bei; Wang, Li-Juan; Li, Xiao-Min; He, Qian; Yang, Xiang-Min; Nan, Gang; Xie, Rong-Hua; Yang, Liu; Yang, Jing-Hua; Zhu, Ping
作者单位：Air Force Medical University; Air Force Medical University; Shanghai University; Zhengzhou University; Air Force Medical University; Air Force Medical University; Air Force Medical University; Air Force Medical University
摘要：Autoimmune diseases such as ankylosing spondylitis (AS) can be driven by emerging neoantigens that disrupt immune tolerance. Here, we developed a workflow to profile posttranslational modifications involved in neoantigen formation. Using mass spectrometry, we identified a panel of cysteine residues differentially modified by carboxyethylation that required 3-hydroxypropionic acid to generate neoantigens in patients with AS. The lysosomal degradation of integrin aIIb [ITGA2B (CD41)] carboxyethy...
