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作者：Pai, Sunil; Sun, Zhanghao; Hughes, Tyler W.; Park, Taewon; Bartlett, Ben; Williamson, Ian A. D.; Minkov, Momchil; Milanizadeh, Maziyar; Abebe, Nathnael; Morichetti, Francesco; Melloni, Andrea; Fan, Shanhui; Solgaard, Olav; Miller, David A. B.
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Polytechnic University of Milan; Alphabet Inc.; Google Incorporated
摘要：Integrated photonic neural networks provide a promising platform for energy-efficient, high-throughput machine learning with extensive scientific and commercial applications. Photonic neural networks efficiently transform optically encoded inputs using Mach-Zehnder interferometer mesh networks interleaved with nonlinearities. We experimentally trained a three-layer, four-port silicon photonic neural network with programmable phase shifters and optical power monitoring to solve classification t...
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作者：Zhou, Zhen; Liu, Yuting; Feng, Yushen; Klepin, Stephen; Tsimring, Lev S.; Pillus, Lorraine; Hasty, Jeff; Hao, Nan
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Synthetic biology enables the design of gene networks to confer specific biological functions, yet it remains a challenge to rationally engineer a biological trait as complex as longevity. A naturally occurring toggle switch underlies fate decisions toward either nucleolar or mitochondrial decline during the aging of yeast cells. We rewired this endogenous toggle to engineer an autonomous genetic clock that generates sustained oscillations between the nucleolar and mitochondrial aging processe...
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Osmanski, Austin B.; Paulat, Nicole S.; Korstian, Jenny; Grimshaw, Jenna R.; Halsey, Michaela; Sullivan, Kevin A. M.; Moreno-Santillan, Diana D.; Crookshanks, Claudia; Roberts, Jacquelyn; Garcia, Carlos; Johnson, Matthew G.; Densmore, Llewellyn D.; Stevens, Richard D.; Rosen, Jeb; Storer, Jessica M.; Hubley, Robert; Smit, Arian F. A.; Davalos, Liliana M.; Karlsson, Elinor K.; Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin; Ray, David A.
作者单位：Texas Tech University System; Texas Tech University; Texas Tech University System; Texas Tech University; Institute for Systems Biology (ISB); State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; Uppsala University; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; University of Massachusetts System; UMass Chan Medical School; University of Massachusetts Worcester; University of Massachusetts System; UMass Chan Medical School; University of Massachusetts Worcester
摘要：We examined transposable element (TE) content of 248 placental mammal genome assemblies, the largest de novo TE curation effort in eukaryotes to date. We found that although mammals resemble one another in total TE content and diversity, they show substantial differences with regard to recent TE accumulation. This includes multiple recent expansion and quiescence events across the mammalian tree. Young TEs, particularly long interspersed elements, drive increases in genome size, whereas DNA tr...
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作者：Panagiotou, Eleni
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
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作者：Zhang, Mingming; Dong, Zhong; Yi, Xianfeng
作者单位：Henan University of Science & Technology; Henan University of Science & Technology; Qufu Normal University
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Sullivan, Patrick F.; Meadows, Jennifer R. S.; Gazal, Steven; Phan, BaDoi N.; Li, Xue; Genereux, Diane P.; Dong, Michael X.; Bianchi, Matteo; Andrews, Gregory; Sakthikumar, Sharadha; Nordin, Jessika; Roy, Ananya; Christmas, Matthew J.; Marinescu, Voichita D.; Wang, Chao; Wallerman, Ola; Xue, James; Yao, Shuyang; Sun, Quan; Szatkiewicz, Jin; Wen, Jia; Huckins, Laura M.; Lawler, Alyssa; Keough, Kathleen C.; Zheng, Zhili; Zeng, Jian; Wray, Naomi R.; Li, Yun; Johnson, Jessica; Chen, Jiawen; Paten, Benedict; Reilly, Steven K.; Hughes, Graham M.; Weng, Zhiping; Pollard, Katherine S.; Pfenning, Andreas R.; Forsberg-Nilsson, Karin; Karlsson, Elinor K.; Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Karolinska Institutet; Uppsala University; University of Southern California; University of Southern California; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Worcester; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Uppsala University; Harvard University; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Carnegie Mellon University; Carnegie Mellon University; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; The J David Gladstone Institutes; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of Queensland; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Yale University; University College Dublin; Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI); University of Nottingham; University of Massachusetts System; UMass Chan Medical School; University of Massachusetts Worcester
摘要：Thousands of genomic regions have been associated with heritable human diseases, but attempts to elucidate biological mechanisms are impeded by an inability to discern which genomic positions are functionally important. Evolutionary constraint is a powerful predictor of function, agnostic to cell type or disease mechanism. Single-base phyloP scores from 240 mammals identified 3.3% of the human genome as significantly constrained and likely functional. We compared phyloP scores to genome annota...
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作者：White, Craig R.; Alton, Lesley A.; Bywater, Candice L.; Lombardi, Emily J.; Marshall, Dustin J.
作者单位：Monash University; Monash University; University of Queensland
摘要：Froese and Pauly argue that our model is contradicted by the observation that fish reproduce before their growth rate decreases. Kearney and Jusup show that our model incompletely describes growth and reproduction for some species. Here we discuss the costs of reproduction, the relationship between reproduction and growth, and propose tests of models based on optimality and constraint.
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作者：[Anonymous]
