作者：Westberry, T. K.; Behrenfeld, M. J.; Shi, Y. R.; Yu, H.; Remer, L. A.; Bian, H.
作者单位：Oregon State University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore County; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
摘要：Over the vast open ocean, vital nutrients for phytoplankton growth in the sunlit surface layer are largely provided through physical transport from deep waters, but some nutrients are also provided through atmospheric deposition of desert dust. The extent and magnitude of dust-mediated effects on surface ocean ecosystems have been difficult to estimate globally. In this work, we use global satellite ocean color products to demonstrate widespread responses to atmospheric dust deposition across ...
作者：Holycross, Megan; Cottrell, Elizabeth
作者单位：Cornell University; Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
摘要：Arc magmas, the building blocks of continental crust, are depleted in total iron (Fe), have higher ratios of oxidized Fe to total Fe (Fe3+/EFe), and record higher oxygen fugacities (fO2's) compared with magmas erupted at mid-ocean ridges. Garnet crystallization could explain these observations if garnet removes substantial amounts of Fe2+, but not Fe3+, from magma, yet this model for continental crust generation has never been tested experimentally. Analysis of garnets and melts in laboratory ...
作者：Muraro, Paolo A.
作者单位：Imperial College London
作者：Zhang, Shiwu; Cai, Zheng; Xu, Dandan; Shimakawa, Rhythm; Battaia, Fabrizio Arrigoni; Prochaska, Jason Xavier; Cen, Renyue; Zheng, Zheng; Wu, Yunjing; Li, Qiong; Dou, Liming; Wu, Jianfeng; Zabludoff, Ann; Fan, Xiaohui; Ai, Yanli; Golden-Marx, Emmet Gabriel; Li, Miao; Lu, Youjun; Ma, Xiangcheng; Wang, Sen; Wang, Ran; Yuan, Feng
作者单位：Tsinghua University; Qinghai University; National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) - Japan; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ); Waseda University; Max Planck Society; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; University of Tokyo; Zhejiang University; Princeton University; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Peking University; University of Manchester; Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics; Guangzhou University; Xiamen University; University of Arizona; Shenzhen Technology University; Simons Foundation; Flatiron Institute; Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Astronomical Observatory, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, CAS
摘要：Stars form in galaxies, from gas that has been accreted from the intergalactic medium. Simulations have shown that recycling of gas-the reaccretion of gas that was previously ejected from a galaxy-could sustain star formation in the early Universe. We observe the gas surrounding a massive galaxy at redshift 2.3 and detect emission lines from neutral hydrogen, helium, and ionized carbon that extend 100 kiloparsecs from the galaxy. The kinematics of this circumgalactic gas is consistent with an ...
作者：Alderton, Gemma; Scanlon, Seth Thomas
