2025

最新文章

• SCIENCE POLICY Judge's ruling leaves NIH's move to abruptly slash grants in limbo AI翻译
  作者：Malakoff, David
• Cows get second bird flu virus AI翻译
  作者：Brainard, Jeffrey
• German groups win X data ruling AI翻译
  作者：Brainard, Jeffrey
• Neuroevolution insights into biological neural computation AI翻译
  作者：Miikkulainen, Risto
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
  摘要：This article reviews existing work and future opportunities in neuroevolution, an area of machine learning in which evolutionary optimization methods such as genetic algorithms are used to construct neural networks to achieve desired behavior. The article takes a neuroscience perspective, identifying where neuroevolution can lead to insights about the structure, function, and developmental and evolutionary origins of biological neural circuitry that can be studied in further neuroscience exper...
• Developmental origins and evolution of pallial cell types and structures in birds AI翻译
  作者：Zaremba, Bastienne; Fallahshahroudi, Amir; Schneider, Celine; Schmidt, Julia; Sarropoulos, Ioannis; Leushkin, Evgeny; Berki, Bianka; Van Poucke, Enya; Jensen, Per; Senovilla-Ganzo, Rodrigo; Hervas-Sotomayor, Francisca; Trost, Nils; Lamanna, Francesco; Sepp, Mari; Garcia-Moreno, Fernando; Kaessmann, Henrik
  作者单位：Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; Helmholtz Association; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; Linkoping University; University of Basque Country; Basque Foundation for Science
  摘要：Innovations in the pallium likely facilitated the evolution of advanced cognitive abilities in birds. We therefore scrutinized its cellular composition and evolution using cell type atlases from chicken, mouse, and nonavian reptiles. We found that the avian pallium shares most inhibitory neuron types with other amniotes. Whereas excitatory neuron types in amniote hippocampal regions show evolutionary conservation, those in other pallial regions have diverged. Neurons in the avian mesopallium d...
• Mexico squeezes research budget AI翻译
  作者：Brainard, Jeffrey
• RNA polymerase II at histone genes predicts outcome in human cancer AI翻译
  作者：Henikoff, Steven; Zheng, Ye; Paranal, Ronald M.; Xu, Yiling; Greene, Jacob E.; Henikoff, Jorja G.; Russell, Zachary R.; Szulzewsky, Frank; Thirimanne, H. Nayanga; Kugel, Sita; Holland, Eric C.; Ahmad, Kami
  作者单位：Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Huntsman Cancer Institute
  摘要：Genome-wide hypertranscription is common in human cancer and predicts poor prognosis. To understand how hypertranscription might drive cancer, we applied our formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE)-cleavage under targeted accessible chromatin method for mapping RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) genome-wide in FFPE sections. We demonstrate global RNAPII elevations in mouse gliomas and assorted human tumors in small clinical samples and discover regional elevations corresponding to de novo HER2 amplifi...
• ASTROPHYSICS Underwater light show heralds highest energy neutrino AI翻译
  作者：Clery, Daniel
• Depth-dependent seismic sensing of groundwater recovery from the atmospheric-river storms of 2023 AI翻译
  作者：Mao, Shujuan; Ellsworth, William L.; Zheng, Yujie; Beroza, Gregory C.
  作者单位：Stanford University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas
  摘要：In early 2023, a series of intense atmospheric-river storms eased California's historic drought, yet the spatiotemporal extent of groundwater recovery remains poorly understood. We tracked two-decadal changes in groundwater in Greater Los Angeles using seismic ambient-field interferometry. The derived seismic hydrographs reveal distinct expressions of groundwater and surficial water droughts: Whereas surface and near-surface water storage nearly fully recovered in the epic wet season of 2023, ...
• Evolutionary convergence of sensory circuits in the pallium of amniotes AI翻译
  作者：Rueda-Alana, Eneritz; Senovilla-Ganzo, Rodrigo; Grillo, Marco; Vazquez, Enrique; Marco-Salas, Sergio; Gallego-Flores, Tatiana; Ordenana-Manso, Aitor; Ftara, Artemis; Escobar, Laura; Benguria, Alberto; Quintas, Ana; Dopazo, Ana; Rabano, Miriam; Vivanco, Maria dM; Aransay, Ana Maria; Garrigos, Daniel; Toval, Angel; Ferran, Jose Luis; Nilsson, Mats; Encinas-Perez, Juan Manuel; De Pitta, Maurizio; Garcia-Moreno, Fernando
  作者单位：University of Basque Country; Stockholm University; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC); CIBER - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red; CIBERCV; CIC bioGUNE; CIBER - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red; CIBEREHD; University of Murcia; Basque Foundation for Science; Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (BCAM); Krembil Research Institute; University of Toronto; University Health Network Toronto; University of Toronto
  摘要：The amniote pallium contains sensory circuits that are structurally and functionally equivalent, yet their evolutionary relationship remains unresolved. We used birthdating analysis, single-cell RNA and spatial transcriptomics, and mathematical modeling to compare the development and evolution of known pallial circuits across birds (chick), lizards (gecko), and mammals (mouse). We reveal that neurons within these circuits' stations are generated at varying developmental times and brain regions...