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作者：Hayes, Thomas; Rao, Roshan; Akin, Halil; Sofroniew, Nicholas J.; Oktay, Deniz; Lin, Zeming; Verkuil, Robert; Tran, Vincent Q.; Deaton, Jonathan; Wiggert, Marius; Badkundri, Rohil; Shafkat, Irhum; Gong, Jun; Derry, Alexander; Molina, Raul S.; Thomas, Neil; Khan, Yousuf A.; Mishra, Chetan; Kim, Carolyn; Bartie, Liam J.; Nemeth, Matthew; Hsu, Patrick D.; Sercu, Tom; Candido, Salvatore; Rives, Alexander
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：More than 3 billion years of evolution have produced an image of biology encoded into the space of natural proteins. Here, we show that language models trained at scale on evolutionary data can generate functional proteins that are far away from known proteins. We present ESM3, a frontier multimodal generative language model that reasons over the sequence, structure, and function of proteins. ESM3 can follow complex prompts combining its modalities and is highly responsive to alignment to impr...
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作者：Gibbons, Ann
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作者：Devlin, Matthew R.; Kim, Sangwoo; Campas, Otger; Hawkes, Elliot W.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Technische Universitat Dresden; Max Planck Society
摘要：The vision of robotic materials-cohesive collectives of robotic units that can arrange into virtually any form with any physical properties-has long intrigued both science and fiction. Yet, this vision requires a fundamental physical challenge to be overcome: The collective must be strong, to support loads, yet flow, to take new forms. We achieve this in a material-like robotic collective by modulating the interunit tangential forces to control topological rearrangements of units within a tigh...
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作者：Travis, John; Langin, Katie; Kaiser, Jocelyn; Wadman, Meredith
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作者：Zaslavsky, Maxim E.; Craig, Erin; Michuda, Jackson K.; Sehgal, Nidhi; Ram-Mohan, Nikhil; Lee, Ji-Yeun; Nguyen, Khoa D.; Hoh, Ramona A.; Pham, Tho D.; Roltgen, Katharina; Lam, Brandon; Parsons, Ella S.; Macwana, Susan R.; DeJager, Wade; Drapeau, Elizabeth M.; Roskin, Krishna M.; Cunningham-Rundles, Charlotte; Moody, M. Anthony; Haynes, Barton F.; Goldman, Jason D.; Heath, James R.; Chinthrajah, R. Sharon; Nadeau, Kari C.; Pinsky, Benjamin A.; Blish, Catherine A.; Hensley, Scott E.; Jensen, Kent; Meyer, Everett; Balboni, Imelda; Utz, Paul J.; Merrill, Joan T.; Guthridge, Joel M.; James, Judith A.; Yang, Samuel; Tibshirani, Robert; Kundaje, Anshul; Boyd, Scott D.
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; University of Basel; Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute; University of Basel; Stanford University; Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; University of Pennsylvania; University System of Ohio; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; University System of Ohio; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Duke University; Duke University; Duke University; Duke University; Swedish Medical Center; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Institute for Systems Biology (ISB); University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Stanford University; Stanford University; New York University; Stanford University
摘要：Clinical diagnosis typically incorporates physical examination, patient history, various laboratory tests, and imaging studies but makes limited use of the human immune system's own record of antigen exposures encoded by receptors on B cells and T cells. We analyzed immune receptor datasets from 593 individuals to develop MAchine Learning for Immunological Diagnosis, an interpretive framework to screen for multiple illnesses simultaneously or precisely test for one condition. This approach det...
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作者：Brainard, Jeffrey
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作者：Jalil, Anika; Happel, Elizabeth E.; Cramer, Laura; Hunt, Adrian; Hoffman, Adam S.; Waluyo, Iradwikanari; Montemore, Matthew M.; Christopher, Phillip; Sykes, E. Charles H.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Tufts University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Brookhaven National Laboratory; Stanford University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Stanford University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Tulane University; Tufts University
摘要：Over the last 80 years, chlorine (Cl) has been the primary promoter of the ethylene epoxidation reaction valued at similar to 40 billion USD per year, providing a similar to 25% selectivity increase over unpromoted silver (Ag) (similar to 55%). Promoters such as cesium, rhenium, and molybdenum each add a few percent of selectivity enhancements to achieve 90% overall, but their codependence on Cl makes optimizing and understanding their function complex. We took a theory-guided, single-atom all...
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作者：Thorp, H. Holden
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作者：Barnett, Michael; Meister, Lena; Rainey, Paul B.
作者单位：Max Planck Society; Universite PSL; Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：Evolvability-the capacity to generate adaptive variation-is a trait that can itself evolve through natural selection. However, the idea that mutation can become biased toward adaptive outcomes remains controversial. In this work, we report the evolution of enhanced evolvability through localized hypermutation in experimental populations of bacteria. The evolved mechanism is analogous to the mutation-prone sequences of contingency loci observed in pathogenic bacteria. Central to this outcome wa...
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作者：Wu, Kai-Min; Xu, Qian-Hui; Liu, Yi-Qi; Feng, Yi-Wei; Han, Si-Da; Zhang, Ya-Ru; Chen, Shi-Dong; Guo, Yu; Wu, Bang-Sheng; Ma, Ling-Zhi; Zhang, Yi; Chen, Yi-Lin; Yang, Liu; Yang, Zhao-Fei; Xiao, Yu-Jie; Wang, Ting-Ting; Zhao, Jue; Chen, Shu-Fen; Cui, Mei; Lu, Bo-Xun; Le, Wei-Dong; Shu, You-Sheng; Ye, Keqiang; Li, Jia-Yi; Li, Wen-Sheng; Wang, Jian; Liu, Cong; Yuan, Peng; Yu, Jin-Tai
作者单位：Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Qingdao University; Qingdao Municipal Hospital; Dalian Medical University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University; University of Electronic Science & Technology of China; Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital; Emory University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, CAS; Lund University; China Medical University; Fudan University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Fudan University; Fudan University
摘要：Neuronal accumulation and spread of pathological alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) fibrils are key events in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathophysiology. However, the neuronal mechanisms underlying the uptake of alpha-syn fibrils remain unclear. In this work, we identified FAM171A2 as a PD risk gene that affects alpha-syn aggregation. Overexpressing FAM171A2 promotes alpha-syn fibril endocytosis and exacerbates the spread and neurotoxicity of alpha-syn pathology. Neuronal-specific knockdown of FAM171A2...
