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作者：Du, Siyuan; Kretsch, Rachael C.; Parres-Gold, Jacob; Pieri, Elisa; Cruzeiro, Vinicius Wilian D.; Zhu, Mingning; Pinney, Margaux M.; Yabukarski, Filip; Schwans, Jason P.; Martinez, Todd J.; Herschlag, Daniel
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Stanford University; Stanford University; California Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; Bristol-Myers Squibb; California State University System; California State University Long Beach
摘要：Enzymes exist in ensembles of states that encode the energetics underlying their catalysis. Conformational ensembles built from 1231 structures of 17 serine proteases revealed atomic-level changes across their reaction states. By comparing the enzymatic and solution reaction, we identified molecular features that provide catalysis and quantified their energetic contributions to catalysis. Serine proteases precisely position their reactants in destabilized conformers, creating a downhill energe...
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作者：Beltran, Roxanne S.; Payne, Allison R.; Kilpatrick, A. Marm; Hale, Conner M.; Reed, Madison; Hazen, Elliott L.; Bograd, Steven J.; Jouma'a, Joffrey; Robinson, Patrick W.; Houle, Emma; Matern, Wade; Sabah, Alea; Lewis, Kathryn; Sebandal, Samantha; Coughlin, Allison; Heredia, Natalia Valdes; Penny, Francesca; Dalrymple, Sophie Rose; Penny, Heather; Sherrier, Meghan; Peterson, Ben; Reiter, Joanne; Le Boeuf, Burney J.; Costa, Daniel P.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
摘要：The open ocean twilight zone holds most of the global fish biomass but is poorly understood owing to difficulties of measuring subsurface ecosystem processes at scale. We demonstrate that a wide-ranging carnivore-the northern elephant seal-can serve as an ecosystem sentinel for the twilight zone. We link ocean basin-scale foraging success with oceanographic indices to estimate twilight zone fish abundance five decades into the past, and into the future. We discovered that a small variation in ...
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作者：Brainard, Jeffrey
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作者：Offord, Catherine; Cohen, Jon; Enserink, Martin
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作者：Mistry, Ayush
作者单位：Saint Louis University
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作者：Shen, Jie; Aljarb, Areej; Cai, Yichen; Liu, Xing; Min, Jiacheng; Wang, Yingge; Wang, Qingxiao; Zhang, Chenhui; Chen, Cailing; Hakami, Mariam; Fu, Jui-Han; Zhang, Hui; Li, Guanxing; Wang, Xiaoqian; Chen, Zhuo; Li, Jiaqiang; Dong, Xinglong; Shih, Kaimin; Huang, Kuo-Wei; Tung, Vincent; Shi, Guosheng; Pinnau, Ingo; Li, Lain-Jong; Han, Yu
作者单位：King Abdullah University of Science & Technology; Nanyang Technological University; King Abdulaziz University; King Abdullah University of Science & Technology; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing Tech University; Shanghai University; University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong; King Abdullah University of Science & Technology; University of Tokyo; South China University of Technology; South China University of Technology; Saudi Aramco; Chang Gung University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; National University of Singapore; South China University of Technology
摘要：Two-dimensional (2D) materials have long been considered as ideal platforms for developing separation membranes. However, it is difficult to generate uniform subnanometer pores over large areas on 2D materials. We report that the well-defined eight-membered ring (8-MR) pores, typically formed at the boundaries of two antiparallel grains of monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), can serve as molecular sieves for efficient water-ion separation. The density of grain boundaries and, consequently, ...
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作者：Hecker, Nikolai; Kempynck, Niklas; Mauduit, David; Abaffyova, Darina; Vandepoel, Roel; Dieltiens, Sam; Borm, Lars; Sarropoulos, Ioannis; Gonzalez-Blas, Carmen Bravo; De Man, Julie; Davie, Kristofer; Leysen, Elke; Vandensteen, Jeroen; Moors, Rani; Hulselmans, Gert; Lim, Lynette; De Wit, Joris; Christiaens, Valerie; Poovathingal, Suresh; Aerts, Stein
作者单位：Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB); KU Leuven; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; KU Leuven
摘要：Combinations of transcription factors govern the identity of cell types, which is reflected by genomic enhancer codes. We used deep learning to characterize these enhancer codes and devised three metrics to compare cell types in the telencephalon across amniotes. To this end, we generated single-cell multiome and spatially resolved transcriptomics data of the chicken telencephalon. Enhancer codes of orthologous nonneuronal and gamma-aminobutyric acid-mediated (GABAergic) cell types show a high...
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作者：Elouafi, Ismahane
作者单位：CGIAR
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作者：Ma, Shixin; Dahabieh, Michael S.; Mann, Thomas H.; Zhao, Steven; McDonald, Bryan; Song, Won-Suk; Chung, H. Kay; Farsakoglu, Yagmur; Garcia-Rivera, Lizmarie; Hoffmann, Filipe Araujo; Xu, Shihao; Du, Victor Y.; Chen, Dan; Furgiuele, Jesse; LaPorta, Michael A.; Jacobs, Emily; DeCamp, Lisa M.; Oswald, Brandon M.; Sheldon, Ryan D.; Ellis, Abigail E.; Liu, Longwei; He, Peixiang; Wang, Yingxiao; Jang, Cholsoon; Jones, Russell G.; Kaech, Susan M.
作者单位：Salk Institute; Van Andel Institute; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Van Andel Institute; University of Southern California; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Exhausted T cells (TEX) in cancer and chronic viral infections undergo metabolic and epigenetic remodeling, impairing their protective capabilities. However, the impact of nutrient metabolism on epigenetic modifications that control TEX differentiation remains unclear. We showed that TEX cells shifted from acetate to citrate metabolism by down-regulating acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) while maintaining ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) activity. This metabolic switch increased citrate-dependent histon...
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作者：Bedraoui, Anas
作者单位：Mohammed VI Polytechnic University
