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作者：Stankey, C. T.; Bourges, C.; Haag, L. M.; Turner-Stokes, T.; Piedade, A. P.; Palmer-Jones, C.; Papa, I.; dos Santos, M. Silva; Zhang, Q.; Cameron, A. J.; Legrini, A.; Zhang, T.; Wood, C. S.; New, F. N.; Randzavola, L. O.; Speidel, L.; Brown, A. C.; Hall, A.; Saffioti, F.; Parkes, E. C.; Edwards, W.; Direskeneli, H.; Grayson, P. C.; Jiang, L.; Merkel, P. A.; Saruhan-Direskeneli, G.; Sawalha, A. H.; Tombetti, E.; Quaglia, A.; Thorburn, D.; Knight, J. C.; Rochford, A. P.; Murray, C. D.; Divakar, P.; Green, M.; Nye, E.; MacRae, J. I.; Jamieson, N. B.; Skoglund, P.; Cader, M. Z.; Wallace, C.; Thomas, D. C.; Lee, J. C.
作者单位：Francis Crick Institute; Imperial College London; Washington University (WUSTL); Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; University of London; University College London; UCL Medical School; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust; University of London; University College London; Francis Crick Institute; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; University of Glasgow; NanoString Technologies; Francis Crick Institute; University of London; University College London; University of Oxford; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics; University of London; University College London; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust; UCL Medical School; University of London; University College London; UCL Medical School; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust; University of Cambridge; Marmara University; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Arthritis & Musculoskeletal & Skin Diseases (NIAMS); Fudan University; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; Istanbul University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; University of Milan; University of London; University College London; University of Oxford; Francis Crick Institute; University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge; MRC Biostatistics Unit
摘要：Increasing rates of autoimmune and inflammatory disease present a burgeoning threat to human health(1). This is compounded by the limited efficacy of available treatments(1) and high failure rates during drug development(2), highlighting an urgent need to better understand disease mechanisms. Here we show how functional genomics could address this challenge. By investigating an intergenic haplotype on chr21q22-which has been independently linked to inflammatory bowel disease, ankylosing spondy...
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作者：Alang, Sirry
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
摘要：Racism is a systemic issue - one that we have the knowledge and tools to solve. But is there a will?
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作者：He, Guang; Loffler, Frank E.
作者单位：University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville
摘要：Innovative solutions are needed to decrease greenhouse-gas emissions. Field trials show that supplementing farm soil with a bacterium that consumes the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide can substantially lower harmful emissions.
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作者：Du, Gang; Healy, Liam B.; David, Liron; Walker, Caitlin; El-Baba, Tarick J.; Lutomski, Corinne A.; Goh, Byoungsook; Gu, Bowen; Pi, Xiong; Devant, Pascal; Fontana, Pietro; Dong, Ying; Ma, Xiyu; Miao, Rui; Balasubramanian, Arumugam; Puthenveetil, Robbins; Banerjee, Anirban; Luo, Hongbo R.; Kagan, Jonathan C.; Oh, Sungwhan F.; Robinson, Carol V.; Lieberman, Judy; Wu, Hao
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; Program in Cellular & Molecular Medicine (PCMM); University of Oxford; University of Oxford; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD); Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; CSL
摘要：Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is the common effector for cytokine secretion and pyroptosis downstream of inflammasome activation and was previously shown to form large transmembrane pores after cleavage by inflammatory caspases to generate the GSDMD N-terminal domain (GSDMD-NT)1-10. Here we report that GSDMD Cys191 is S-palmitoylated and that palmitoylation is required for pore formation. S-palmitoylation, which does not affect GSDMD cleavage, is augmented by mitochondria-generated reactive oxygen speci...
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作者：Finkelstein-Zuta, Gal; Arnon, Zohar A.; Vijayakanth, Thangavel; Messer, Or; Lusky, Orr Simon; Wagner, Avital; Zilberman, Galit; Aizen, Ruth; Michaeli, Lior; Rencus-Lazar, Sigal; Gilead, Sharon; Shankar, Sudha; Pavan, Mariela Jorgelina; Goldstein, Dor Aaron; Kutchinsky, Shira; Ellenbogen, Tal; Palmer, Benjamin A.; Goldbourt, Amir; Sokol, Maxim; Gazit, Ehud
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv University; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Elbit Systems; California Institute of Technology; Tel Aviv University; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Tel Aviv University; Columbia University
摘要：Despite its disordered liquid-like structure, glass exhibits solid-like mechanical properties1. The formation of glassy material occurs by vitrification, preventing crystallization and promoting an amorphous structure2. Glass is fundamental in diverse fields of materials science, owing to its unique optical, chemical and mechanical properties as well as durability, versatility and environmental sustainability3. However, engineering a glassy material without compromising its properties is chall...
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Hong, Jiani; Tian, Ye; Liang, Tiancheng; Liu, Xinmeng; Song, Yizhi; Guan, Dong; Yan, Zixiang; Guo, Jiadong; Tang, Binze; Cao, Duanyun; Guo, Jing; Chen, Ji; Pan, Ding; Xu, Li-Mei; Wang, En-Ge; Jiang, Ying
作者单位：Peking University; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing Normal University; Peking University; Peking University; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Peking University; Tsinghua University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter; Peking University
摘要：Ice surfaces are closely relevant to many physical and chemical properties, such as melting, freezing, friction, gas uptake and atmospheric reaction(1-8). Despite extensive experimental and theoretical investigations(9-17), the exact atomic structures of ice interfaces remain elusive owing to the vulnerable hydrogen-bonding network and the complicated premelting process. Here we realize atomic-resolution imaging of the basal (0001) surface structure of hexagonal water ice (ice Ih) by using qPl...
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Hiis, Elisabeth G.; Vick, Silas H. W.; Molstad, Lars; Rosdal, Kristine; Jonassen, Kjell Rune; Winiwarter, Wilfried; Bakken, Lars R.
作者单位：Norwegian University of Life Sciences; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA); University of Zielona Gora
摘要：Farmed soils contribute substantially to global warming by emitting N2O (ref. 1), and mitigation has proved difficult(2). Several microbial nitrogen transformations produce N2O, but the only biological sink for N2O is the enzyme NosZ, catalysing the reduction of N2O to N-2 (ref. 3). Although strengthening the NosZ activity in soils would reduce N2O emissions, such bioengineering of the soil microbiota is considered challenging(4,5). However, we have developed a technology to achieve this, usin...
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作者：Gibney, Elizabeth
