8033期

最新文章

• THE HUGE TOLL OF PHDS ON MENTAL HEALTH: DATA REVEAL STARK EFFECTS AI翻译
  作者：Schwaller, Fred
• A multimodal generative AI copilot for human pathology AI翻译
  作者：Lu, Ming Y.; Chen, Bowen; Williamson, Drew F. K.; Chen, Richard J.; Zhao, Melissa; Chow, Aaron K.; Ikemura, Kenji; Kim, Ahrong; Pouli, Dimitra; Patel, Ankush; Soliman, Amr; Chen, Chengkuan; Ding, Tong; Wang, Judy J.; Gerber, Georg; Liang, Ivy; Le, Long Phi; Parwani, Anil V.; Weishaupt, Luca L.; Mahmood, Faisal
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Pusan National University; Mayo Clinic; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University; Harvard University
  摘要：Computational pathology1,2 has witnessed considerable progress in the development of both task-specific predictive models and task-agnostic self-supervised vision encoders3,4. However, despite the explosive growth of generative artificial intelligence (AI), there have been few studies on building general-purpose multimodal AI assistants and copilots5 tailored to pathology. Here we present PathChat, a vision-language generalist AI assistant for human pathology. We built PathChat by adapting a f...
• Promotion of DNA end resection by BRCA1-BARD1 in homologous recombination AI翻译
  作者：Salunkhe, Sameer; Daley, James M.; Kaur, Hardeep; Tomimatsu, Nozomi; Xue, Chaoyou; Raina, Vivek B.; Jasper, Angela M.; Rogers, Cody M.; Li, Wenjing; Zhou, Shuo; Mojidra, Rahul; Kwon, Youngho; Fang, Qingming; Ji, Jae-Hoon; Shabestari, Aida Badamchi; Fitzgerald, O'Taveon; Dinh, Hoang; Mukherjee, Bipasha; Habib, Amyn A.; Hromas, Robert; Mazin, Alexander V.; Wasmuth, Elizabeth V.; Olsen, Shaun K.; Libich, David S.; Zhou, Daohong; Zhao, Weixing; Greene, Eric C.; Burma, Sandeep; Sung, Patrick
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas at San Antonio; University of Texas System; University of Texas at San Antonio; University of Texas System; University of Texas at San Antonio; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital; Columbia University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, CAS; University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas at San Antonio; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
  摘要：The licensing step of DNA double-strand break repair by homologous recombination entails resection of DNA ends to generate a single-stranded DNA template for assembly of the repair machinery consisting of the RAD51 recombinase and ancillary factors(1). DNA end resection is mechanistically intricate and reliant on the tumour suppressor complex BRCA1-BARD1 (ref. (2)). Specifically, three distinct nuclease entities-the 5-3 ' exonuclease EXO1 and heterodimeric complexes of the DNA endonuclease DNA...
• Continuously fluctuating selection reveals fine granularity of adaptation AI翻译
  作者：Bitter, M. C.; Berardi, S.; Oken, H.; Huynh, A.; Lappo, Egor; Schmidt, P.; Petrov, D. A.
  作者单位：Stanford University; University of Pennsylvania; Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI)
  摘要：Temporally fluctuating environmental conditions are a ubiquitous feature of natural habitats. Yet, how finely natural populations adaptively track fluctuating selection pressures via shifts in standing genetic variation is unknown1,2. Here we generated genome-wide allele frequency data every 1-2 generations from a genetically diverse population of Drosophila melanogaster in extensively replicated field mesocosms from late June to mid-December (a period of approximately 12 total generations). A...
• How to keep a president healthy - tips from a former White House doctor AI翻译
  作者：Hundal, Henna
  作者单位：Stanford University
  摘要：From quitting smoking to dealing with anthrax, a fascinating memoir looks behind the scenes at presidential health care.
• Can AI have common sense? Finding out will be key to achieving machine intelligence AI翻译
  作者：Kejriwal, Mayank; Santos, Henrique; Mulvehill, Alice M.; Shen, Ke; McGuinness, Deborah L.; Lieberman, Henry
  作者单位：University of Southern California; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：The advent of LLMs has reopened a debate about the limits of machine intelligence - and requires new benchmarks of what reasoning consists of.
• Unevidenced biodiversity claim should be abandoned - but biodiversity can be counted AI翻译
  作者：Naidoo, Robin; Loucks, Colby
  作者单位：World Wildlife Fund
• Synthesis of non-canonical amino acids through dehydrogenative tailoring AI翻译
  作者：Gu, Xin; Zhang, Yu-An; Zhang, Shuo; Wang, Leon; Ye, Xiyun; Occhialini, Gino; Barbour, Jonah; Pentelute, Bradley L.; Wendlandt, Alison E.
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：Amino acids are essential building blocks in biology and chemistry. Whereas nature relies on a small number of amino acid structures, chemists desire access to a vast range of structurally diverse analogues1-3. The selective modification of amino acid side-chain residues represents an efficient strategy to access non-canonical derivatives of value in chemistry and biology. While semisynthetic methods leveraging the functional groups found in polar and aromatic amino acids have been extensively...
• Author Correction: Possible shift in controls of the tropical Pacific surface warming pattern AI翻译
  作者：Watanabe, Masahiro; Kang, Sarah M.; Collins, Matthew; Hwang, Yen-Ting; McGregor, Shayne; Stuecker, Malte F.
  作者单位：University of Tokyo; Max Planck Society; University of Exeter; National Taiwan University; Monash University; University of Hawaii System; University of Hawaii Manoa; University of Hawaii System; University of Hawaii Manoa
• DNA methylation controls stemness of astrocytes in health and ischaemia AI翻译
  作者：Kremer, Lukas P. M.; Cerrizuela, Santiago; El-Sammak, Hadil; Al Shukairi, Mohammad Eid; Ellinger, Tobias; Straub, Jannes; Korkmaz, Aylin; Volk, Katrin; Brunken, Jan; Kleber, Susanne; Anders, Simon; Martin-Villalba, Ana
  作者单位：Helmholtz Association; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg
  摘要：Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the mammalian brain and provide structural and metabolic support to neurons, regulate synapses and become reactive after injury and disease. However, a small subset of astrocytes settles in specialized areas of the adult brain where these astrocytes instead actively generate differentiated neuronal and glial progeny and are therefore referred to as neural stem cells1-3. Common parenchymal astrocytes and quiescent neural stem cells share similar tra...