8057期

最新文章

• Six roadblocks to net zero - and how to get around them AI翻译
  作者：Joppa, Lucas; Willmott, Elizabeth
• Downscaling micro- and nano-perovskite LEDs AI翻译
  作者：Lian, Yaxiao; Wang, Yaxin; Yuan, Yucai; Ren, Zhixiang; Tang, Weidong; Liu, Zhe; Xing, Shiyu; Ji, Kangyu; Yuan, Bo; Yang, Yichen; Gao, Yuxiang; Zhang, Shiang; Zhou, Ke; Zhang, Gan; Stranks, Samuel D.; Zhao, Baodan; Di, Dawei
  作者单位：Zhejiang University; University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge
  摘要：Many technological breakthroughs in electronics and photonics were made possible by downscaling-the process of making elementary devices smaller in size1, 2, 3, 4-5. The downsizing of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on III-V semiconductors led to micro-LEDs5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11-12, an 'ultimate technology' for displays. However, micro-LEDs are costly to produce and they exhibit severe efficiency losses when the pixel sizes are reduced to about 10 mu m or less, hindering their potential in c...
• Endocytosis in the axon initial segment maintains neuronal polarity (vol 609, pg 128, 2022) AI翻译
  作者：Eichel, Kelsie; Uenaka, Takeshi; Belapurkar, Vivek; Lu, Rui; Cheng, Shouqiang; Pak, Joseph S.; Taylor, Caitlin A.; Suedhof, Thomas C.; Malenka, Robert; Wernig, Marius; Oezkan, Engin; Perrais, David; Shen, Kang
• The conserved HIV-1 spacer peptide 2 triggers matrix lattice maturation AI翻译
  作者：Stacey, James C. V.; Hrebik, Dominik; Nand, Elizabeth; Shetty, Snehith Dyavari; Qu, Kun; Boicu, Marius; Anders-oesswein, Maria; Uchil, Pradeep D.; Dick, Robert A.; Mothes, Walther; Kraeusslich, Hans-Georg; Mueller, Barbara; Briggs, John A. G.
  作者单位：Max Planck Society; MRC Laboratory Molecular Biology; Yale University; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; National University of Singapore; Cornell University; German Center for Infection Research; Emory University
  摘要：The virus particles of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are released in an immature, non-infectious form. Proteolytic cleavage of the main structural polyprotein Gag into functional domains induces rearrangement into mature, infectious virions. In immature virus particles, the Gag membrane-binding domain, MA, forms a hexameric protein lattice that undergoes structural transition, following cleavage, into a distinct, mature MA lattice1. The mechanism of MA lattice maturation is unkno...
• How seahorses and pipefish inspired the design of a boat propeller AI翻译
  作者：[Anonymous]
• Solidification of Earth's mantle led inevitably to a basal magma ocean AI翻译
  作者：Boukare, Charles-edouard; Badro, James; Samuel, Henri
  作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Cite; York University - Canada
  摘要：One of the main interpretations of deep-rooted geophysical structures in the mantle1 is that they stem from the top-down solidification of the primitive basal magma ocean of Earth above the core2, 3, 4, 5-6. However, it remains debated whether solids first formed at the bottom of the mantle, solidifying upward, or above the melts, solidifying downward. Here we show that gravitational segregation of dense, iron-rich melts from lighter, iron-poor solids drives mantle evolution, regardless of whe...
• B-cell-specific checkpoint molecules that regulate anti-tumour immunity (vol 619, pg 348, 2023) AI翻译
  作者：Bod, Lloyd; Kye, Yoon-Chul; Shi, Jingwen; Triglia, Elena Torlai; Schnell, Alexandra; Fessler, Johannes; Ostrowski, Stephen M.; Von-Franque, Max Y.; Kuchroo, Juhi R.; Barilla, Rocky M.; Zaghouani, Sarah; Christian, Elena; Delorey, Toni Marie; Mohib, Kanishka; Xiao, Sheng; Slingerland, Nadine; Giuliano, Christopher J.; Ashenberg, Orr; Li, Zhaorong; Rothstein, David M.; Fisher, David E.; Rozenblatt-Rosen, Orit; Sharpe, Arlene H.; Quintana, Francisco J.; Apetoh, Lionel; Regev, Aviv; Kuchroo, Vijay K.
• A systems-level, semi-quantitative landscape of metabolic flux in C. elegans AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Hefei; Li, Xuhang; Tseyang, L. Tenzin; Giese, Gabrielle E.; Wang, Hui; Yao, Bo; Zhang, Jingyan; Neve, Rachel L.; Shank, Elizabeth A.; Spinelli, Jessica B.; Yilmaz, L. Safak; Walhout, Albertha J. M.
  作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; UMass Chan Medical School; University of Massachusetts Worcester; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Worcester; UMass Chan Medical School; Fudan University
  摘要：Metabolic flux, or the rate of metabolic reactions, is one of the most fundamental metrics describing the status of metabolism in living organisms. However, measuring fluxes across the entire metabolic network remains nearly impossible, especially in multicellular organisms. Computational methods based on flux balance analysis have been used with genome-scale metabolic network models to predict network-level flux wiring1, 2, 3, 4, 5-6. However, such approaches have limited power because of the...
• Macrophages protect against sensory axon loss in peripheral neuropathy AI翻译
  作者：Hakim, Sara; Jain, Aakanksha; Adamson, Stuart S.; Petrova, Veselina; Indajang, Jonathan; Kim, Hyoung Woo; Kawaguchi, Riki; Wang, Qing; Duran, Elif S.; Nelson, Drew; Greene, Caitlin A.; Rasmussen, Jenae; Woolf, Clifford J.
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
  摘要：Peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of type 2 diabetes, which is strongly associated with obesity1, causing sensory loss and, in some patients, neuropathic pain2,3. Although the onset and progression of diabetic peripheral neuropathy is linked with dyslipidaemia and hyperglycaemia4, the contribution of inflammation to peripheral neuropathy pathogenesis has not been investigated. Here we used a high-fat, high-fructose diet (HFHFD), which induces obesity and prediabetic metabolic chan...
• Learning produces an orthogonalized state machine in the hippocampus AI翻译
  作者：Sun, Weinan; Winnubst, Johan; Natrajan, Maanasa; Lai, Chongxi; Kajikawa, Koichiro; Bast, Arco; Michaelos, Michalis; Gattoni, Rachel; Stringer, Carsen; Flickinger, Daniel; Fitzgerald, James E.; Spruston, Nelson
  作者单位：Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Cornell University; Johns Hopkins University; Northwestern University
  摘要：Cognitive maps confer animals with flexible intelligence by representing spatial, temporal and abstract relationships that can be used to shape thought, planning and behaviour. Cognitive maps have been observed in the hippocampus1, but their algorithmic form and learning mechanisms remain obscure. Here we used large-scale, longitudinal two-photon calcium imaging to record activity from thousands of neurons in the CA1 region of the hippocampus while mice learned to efficiently collect rewards f...