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作者：Barquera, Rodrigo; Sitter, T. Lesley; Kirkpatrick, Casey L.; Ramirez, Dario A.; Kocher, Arthur; Spyrou, Maria A.; Couoh, Lourdes R.; Talavera-Gonzalez, Jorge A.; Castro, Mario; von Hunnius, Tanya; Guevara, Evelyn K.; Hamilton, W. Derek; Roberts, Patrick; Scott, Erin; Fabra, Mariana; Da Pena, Gabriela V.; Pacheco, Aryel; Rodriguez, Monica; Aspillaga, Eugenio; Tiliakou, Anthi; Nelson, Elizabeth A.; Giffin, Karen L.; Bianco, Raffaela A.; Rohrlach, Adam B.; Martinez, Maria de los Angeles Garcia; Solis, Fabiola A. Ballesteros; Sajantila, Antti; Saunders, Shelley R.; Nores, Rodrigo; Herbig, Alexander; Krause, Johannes; Bos, Kirsten I.
作者单位：Max Planck Society; Western University (University of Western Ontario); National University of Cordoba; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); National University of Cordoba; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; Universidad del Desarrollo; Clinica Alemana; McMaster University; University of Helsinki; Max Planck Society; Max Planck Society; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); University Nacional Cuyo Mendoza; Durham University; Universidad de Chile; University of Adelaide; University of Adelaide; Simon Fraser University; Southern Methodist University
摘要：Human treponemal infections are caused by a family of closely related Treponema pallidum that give rise to the diseases yaws, bejel, pinta and, most notably, syphilis1. Debates on a common origin for these pathogens and the history of syphilis itself have weighed evidence for the 'Columbian hypothesis'2, which argues for an American origin, against that for the 'pre-Columbian hypothesis'3, which argues for the presence of the disease in Eurasia in the Medieval period and possibly earlier. Alth...
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作者：Kozlov, Max
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作者：Lim, XiaoZhi
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作者：Greig, Iain R.; Ross, Ruth A.
作者单位：University of Aberdeen; University of Toronto
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作者：Forrester, Nikki; Galbraith, Gemma
摘要：Marine ecologist Gemma Galbraith builds remotely operated vehicles and uses them to assess how coral reefs are being affected by climate change.
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作者：Ro, Christine
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作者：Li, Yang; Cai, Wen-Qi; Ren, Ji-Gang; Wang, Chao-Ze; Yang, Meng; Zhang, Liang; Wu, Hui-Ying; Chang, Liang; Wu, Jin-Cai; Jin, Biao; Xue, Hua-Jian; Li, Xue-Jiao; Liu, Hui; Yu, Guang-Wen; Tao, Xue-Ying; Chen, Ting; Liu, Chong-Fei; Luo, Wen-Bin; Zhou, Jie; Yong, Hai-Lin; Li, Yu-Huai; Li, Feng-Zhi; Jiang, Cong; Chen, Hao-Ze; Wu, Chao; Tong, Xin-Hai; Xie, Si-Jiang; Zhou, Fei; Liu, Wei-Yue; Ismail, Yaseera; Petruccione, Francesco; Liu, Nai-Le; Li, Li; Xu, Feihu; Cao, Yuan; Yin, Juan; Shu, Rong; Wang, Xiang-Bin; Zhang, Qiang; Wang, Jian-Yu; Liao, Sheng-Kai; Peng, Cheng-Zhi; Pan, Jian-Wei
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Hefei National Laboratory; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Innovation Academy for Microsatellites, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing Electronic Science & Technology Institute; Stellenbosch University; Stellenbosch University; Stellenbosch University
摘要：A quantum network1, 2-3 provides an infrastructure that connects quantum devices with revolutionary computing, sensing and communication capabilities. A quantum satellite constellation offers a solution to facilitate the quantum network on a global scale4,5. The Micius satellite has verified the feasibility of satellite quantum communications6, 7, 8-9; however, scaling up quantum satellite constellations is challenging, requiring small lightweight satellites, portable ground stations and real-...
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作者：de la Torre, Ignacio; Doyon, Luc; Benito-Calvo, Alfonso; Mora, Rafael; Mwakyoma, Ipyana; Njau, Jackson K.; Peters, Renata F.; Theodoropoulou, Angeliki; d'Errico, Francesco
作者单位：Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Instituto de Historia (IH); Universite de Bordeaux; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Centro Nacional de Investigacion de La Evolucion Humana (CENIEH); Autonomous University of Barcelona; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; University of London; University College London; University of Bergen
摘要：Recent evidence indicates that the emergence of stone tool technology occurred before the appearance of the genus Homo1 and may potentially be traced back deep into the primate evolutionary line2. Conversely, osseous technologies are apparently exclusive of later hominins from approximately 2 million years ago (Ma)3,4, whereas the earliest systematic production of bone tools is currently restricted to European Acheulean sites 400-250 thousand years ago5,6. Here we document an assemblage of bon...
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作者：Zhu, Jingyi; Liang, Mingfu; Sun, Ke; Wei, Yu; Guo, Ruiying; Zhang, Lijing; Shi, Junhui; Ma, Dan; Hu, Qi; Huang, Gaoxingyu; Lu, Peilong
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Westlake Laboratory; Westlake University; Westlake University
摘要：The recognition of ligands by transmembrane proteins is essential for the exchange of materials, energy and information across biological membranes. Progress has been made in the de novo design of transmembrane proteins1, 2, 3, 4, 5-6, as well as in designing water-soluble proteins to bind small molecules7, 8, 9, 10, 11-12, but de novo design of transmembrane proteins that tightly and specifically bind to small molecules remains an outstanding challenge13. Here we present the accurate design o...
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作者：Gaynor, Liam; Singh, Harshabad; Tie, Guodong; Badarinath, Krithika; Madha, Shariq; Mancini, Andrew; Bhattacharya, Swarnabh; Hoshino, Mikio; de Sauvage, Frederic J.; Murata, Kazutaka; Jadhav, Unmesh; Shivdasani, Ramesh A.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Roche Holding; Genentech; Roche Holding USA; National Center for Neurology & Psychiatry - Japan; Harvard University
摘要：Oncogenic mutations that drive colorectal cancer can be present in healthy intestines for long periods without overt consequence1,2. Mutation of Apc, the most common initiating event in conventional adenomas3, activates Wnt signalling, thus conferring fitness on mutant intestinal stem cells (ISCs)4,5. Apc mutations may occur in ISCs that arise by routine self-renewal or by dedifferentiation of their progeny. Although ISCs of these different origins are fundamentally similar6,7, it is unclear w...
