Downscaling micro- and nano-perovskite LEDs

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Lian, Yaxiao; Wang, Yaxin; Yuan, Yucai; Ren, Zhixiang; Tang, Weidong; Liu, Zhe; Xing, Shiyu; Ji, Kangyu; Yuan, Bo; Yang, Yichen; Gao, Yuxiang; Zhang, Shiang; Zhou, Ke; Zhang, Gan; Stranks, Samuel D.; Zhao, Baodan; Di, Dawei
• 署名单位: Zhejiang University; University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge
• 刊物名称: Nature
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0028-2559
• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-08685-w
• 发表日期: 2025-04-03
• 关键词: light-emitting-diodes; blue; bright; layer

摘要

Many technological breakthroughs in electronics and photonics were made possible by downscaling-the process of making elementary devices smaller in size1, 2, 3, 4-5. The downsizing of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on III-V semiconductors led to micro-LEDs5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11-12, an 'ultimate technology' for displays. However, micro-LEDs are costly to produce and they exhibit severe efficiency losses when the pixel sizes are reduced to about 10 mu m or less, hindering their potential in commercial applications. Here we show the downscaling of an emerging class of LEDs based on perovskite semiconductors to below the conventional size limits. Micro- and nano-perovskite LEDs (micro-PeLEDs/nano-PeLEDs) with characteristic pixel lengths from hundreds of micrometres down to about 90 nm are demonstrated, through a localized contact fabrication scheme that prevents non-radiative losses at the pixel boundaries. For our near-infrared (NIR) and green micro-PeLEDs, average external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) are maintained at around 20% across a wide range of pixel lengths (650 to 3.5 mu m), exhibiting minimum performance reduction on downsizing. Our nano-PeLEDs with characteristic pixel lengths down to about 90 nm represent the smallest LEDs reported, enabling a record-high pixel density of 127,000 pixels per inch (PPI) among all classes of LED arrays. Our demonstration showcases the strength of micro- and nano-PeLEDs as a next-generation light-source technology with unprecedented compactness and scalability.