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作者：Merkenschlager, Julia; Pyo, Andrew G. T.; Silva Santos, Gabriela S.; Schaefer-Babajew, Dennis; Cipolla, Melissa; Hartweger, Harald; Gitlin, Alexander D.; Wingreen, Ned S.; Nussenzweig, Michel C.
作者单位：Rockefeller University; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Princeton University; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Princeton University; Princeton University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Rockefeller University
摘要：Germinal centres are specialized microenvironments where B cells undergo affinity maturation. B cells expressing antibodies whose affinity is improved by somatic hypermutation are selected for expansion by limiting numbers of T follicular helper cells. Cell division is accompanied by mutation of the immunoglobulin genes, at what is believed to be a fixed rate of around 1 x 10-3 per base pair per cell division1. As mutagenesis is random, the probability of acquiring deleterious mutations outwei...
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作者：Miguez-Cabello, Federico; Wang, Xin-tong; Yan, Yuhao; Brake, Niklas; Alexander, Ryan P. D.; Perozzo, Amanda M.; Khadra, Anmar; Bowie, Derek
作者单位：McGill University; McGill University; McGill University; McGill University
摘要：Fast excitatory neurotransmission in the mammalian brain is mediated by cation-selective AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptors (AMPARs)1. AMPARs are critical for the learning and memory mechanisms of Hebbian plasticity2 and glutamatergic synapse homeostasis3, with recent work establishing that AMPAR missense mutations can cause autism and intellectual disability4, 5, 6-7. AMPARs have been grouped into two functionally distinct tetrameric assemblies based on ...
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作者：Schoofs, Hans; Daubel, Nina; Schnabellehner, Sarah; Gronloh, Max L. B.; Martinez, Sebastian Palacios; Halme, Aleksi; Marks, Amanda M.; Jeansson, Marie; Barcos, Sara; Brakebusch, Cord; Benedito, Rui; Engelhardt, Britta; Vestweber, Dietmar; Gaengel, Konstantin; Linsenmeier, Fabian; Schurmann, Sebastian; Saharinen, Pipsa; van Buul, Jaap D.; Friedrich, Oliver; Smith, Richard S.; Majda, Mateusz; Makinen, Taija
作者单位：Uppsala University; University of Amsterdam; University of Amsterdam; University of Helsinki; University of Bern; Theodor Kocher Institute; University of Copenhagen; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC); Max Planck Society; University of Erlangen Nuremberg; Wihuri Research Institute; University of Amsterdam; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); John Innes Center; University of Lausanne
摘要：Lymphatic capillaries continuously take up interstitial fluid and adapt to resulting changes in vessel calibre1, 2-3. The mechanisms by which the permeable monolayer of loosely connected lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs)4 maintains mechanical stability remain elusive. Here we identify dynamic cytoskeletal regulation of LEC shape, induced by isotropic stretch, as crucial for the integrity and function of dermal lymphatic capillaries. We found that the oak leaf-shaped LECs showed a spectrum of ...
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作者：Lubell, Michael S.
作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System; City College of New York (CUNY)
摘要：There's no mystery to innovation and economic growth; the US must nurture its scientists or find out the hard way.
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Shen, Yinan; Bai, Xueli; Zhang, Qi; Liang, Xingmei; Jin, Xinyan; Zhao, Zeda; Song, Wei; Tan, Qian; Zhao, Ronghua; Jia, William; Gu, Shanzhi; Shi, Guoming; Zheng, Ziwei; Wei, Guyue; Wang, Youlei; Fang, Tian; Li, Yuwei; Wang, Zijun; Yang, Zifan; Guo, Sida; Lin, Danni; Wei, Fang; Wang, Lei; Sun, Xiaoli; Qin, Aijun; Xie, Longshen; Qiu, Yeting; Bao, Wenqing; Rahimian, Shah; Singh, Manu; Murad, Yanal; Shang, Jianying; Chu, Min; Huang, Maoliang; Ding, Jun; Chen, Wei; Ye, Yufu; Chen, Yiwen; Li, Xiang; Liang, Tingbo
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作者：Barbier, Edward B.
作者单位：Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; University of Oxford
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作者：Konter, J. G.; Finlayson, V. A.; Konrad, K.; Jackson, M. G.; Koppers, A. A. P.; Wessel, P.; Beethe, S.; Bizimis, M.; Alverson, A.; Kelley, C.
作者单位：University of Hawaii System; University of Hawaii Manoa; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Oregon State University; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia; Brown University; University of Hawaii System; University of Hawaii Manoa
摘要：Volcanic hotspots are thought to form by melting in an upwelling mantle plume head followed by melting of the plume tail. Plate motion then generates an age-progressive volcanic track originating from a large igneous province to a currently active hotspot. The most voluminous large igneous province, the approximately 120-million-year-old Ontong Java Nui Plateau (OJP-Nui) in the mid-Pacific, however, lacks an obvious volcanic track. Although the Louisville hotspot track was originally proposed ...
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Birkbeck, J.; Xiao, J.; Inbar, A.; Taniguchi, T.; Watanabe, K.; Berg, E.; Glazman, L.; Guinea, F.; von Oppen, F.; Ilani, S.
作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; National Institute for Materials Science; Yale University; IMDEA Nanociencia; Free University of Berlin
摘要：The coupling between electrons and phonons is one of the fundamental interactions in solids, underpinning a wide range of phenomena, such as resistivity, heat conductivity and superconductivity. However, direct measurements of this coupling for individual phonon modes remain a substantial challenge. In this work, we introduce a new technique for mapping phonon dispersions and electron-phonon coupling (EPC) in van der Waals (vdW) materials. By generalizing the quantum twisting microscope1 (QTM)...
