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作者：Zhang, Xiaoxue; Zhang, Xue; Ren, Jiwu; Li, Jiayi; Wei, Xiaoxu; Yu, Ying; Yi, Zongyi; Wei, Wensheng
作者单位：Changping Laboratory; Peking University; Peking University
摘要：The development of animal models is crucial for studying and treating mitochondrial diseases. Here we optimized adenine and cytosine deaminases to reduce off-target effects on the transcriptome and the mitochondrial genome, improving the accuracy and efficiency of our newly developed mitochondrial base editors (mitoBEs)1. Using these upgraded mitoBEs (version 2 (v2)), we targeted 70 mouse mitochondrial DNA mutations analogous to human pathogenic variants2, establishing a foundation for mitocho...
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作者：Wu, Qianqian; Cao, Fan; Yu, Wenke; Wang, Sheng; Hou, Wenjun; Lu, Zizhe; Cao, Weiran; Zhang, Jiaqi; Zhang, Xiaoyu; Yang, Yingguo; Jia, Guohua; Zhang, Jianhua; Yang, Xuyong
作者单位：Shanghai University; Jilin University; Zhangjiang Laboratory; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, CAS; Fudan University; Curtin University
摘要：The electroluminescence performance of heavy-metal-free blue quantum dot (QD) light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) is much lower than that of state-of-the-art cadmium-based counterparts. Ecofriendly ZnSeTe QDs are an ideal alternative to cadmium-based blue QDs1,2, but face issues with colour impurity and inferior stability caused by the aggregated tellurium (Ten >= 2) that dominates compositional inhomogeneity3,4. Here we developed an isoelectronic control strategy using congeneric sulfur coordinated...
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作者：Hijma, Marc P.; Bradley, Sarah L.; Cohen, Kim M.; van der Wal, Wouter; Barlow, Natasha L. M.; Blank, Bas; Frechen, Manfred; Hennekam, Rick; van Heteren, Sytze; Kiden, Patrick; Mavritsakis, Antonis; Meijninger, Bart M. L.; Reichart, Gert-Jan; Reinhardt, Lutz; Rijsdijk, Kenneth F.; Vink, Annemiek; Busschers, Freek S.
作者单位：Deltares; Wageningen University & Research; University of Sheffield; Utrecht University; Delft University of Technology; University of Leeds; Utrecht University; Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ); Netherlands Organization Applied Science Research; Deltares; Utrecht University; University of Amsterdam
摘要：Rates of relative sea-level rise during the final stage of the last deglaciation, the early Holocene, are key to understanding future ice melt and sea-level change under a warming climate1. Data about these rates are scarce2, and this limits insight into the relative contributions of the North American and Antarctic ice sheets to global sea-level rise during the early Holocene. Here we present an early Holocene sea-level curve based on 88 sea-level data points (13.7-6.2 thousand years ago (ka)...
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作者：Wein, Tanita; Millman, Adi; Lange, Katharina; Yirmiya, Erez; Hadary, Romi; Garb, Jeremy; Melamed, Sarah; Amitai, Gil; Dym, Orly; Steinruecke, Felix; Hill, Aidan B.; Kranzusch, Philip J.; Sorek, Rotem
作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; Weizmann Institute of Science; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
摘要：Caspase recruitment domains (CARDs) and pyrin domains are important facilitators of inflammasome activity and pyroptosis1. Following pathogen recognition by nucleotide binding-domain, leucine-rich, repeat-containing (NLR) proteins, CARDs recruit and activate caspases, which, in turn, activate gasdermin pore-forming proteins to induce pyroptotic cell death2. Here we show that CARD domains are present in defence systems that protect bacteria against phage. The bacterial CARD domain is essential ...
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作者：Haslinger, Klaus; Breinl, Korbinian; Pavlin, Lovrenc; Pistotnik, Georg; Bertola, Miriam; Olefs, Marc; Greilinger, Marion; Schoener, Wolfgang; Bloeschl, Guenter
作者单位：Technische Universitat Wien; University of Graz
摘要：Climate change is expected to increase heavy rainfall with concomitant increases in flooding1. Causes of increased heavy rainfall include the higher water-holding capacity of a warmer atmosphere and changes in atmospheric circulation patterns2, which may translate into future heavy rainfall increases in most of Europe3. However, gathering evidence on the time evolution of past changes has been hampered by data limitations and measurement uncertainties, in particular for short rainfall duration...
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作者：Wang, Peidong; Solomon, Susan; Santer, Benjamin D.; Kinnison, Douglas E.; Fu, Qiang; Stone, Kane A.; Zhang, Jun; Manney, Gloria L.; Millan, Luis F.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Science Foundation (NSF); National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; NorthWest Research Associates; New Mexico Institute of Mining Technology; California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)
摘要：The Antarctic ozone 'hole' was discovered in 1985 (ref. 1) and man-made ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) are its primary cause2. Following reductions of ODSs under the Montreal Protocol3, signs of ozone recovery have been reported, based largely on observations and broad yet compelling model-data comparisons4. Although such approaches are highly valuable, they do not provide rigorous statistical detection of the temporal and spatial structure of Antarctic ozone recovery in the presence of int...
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作者：Banerjee, Abhijit V.; Bhattacharjee, Swati; Chattopadhyay, Raghabendra; Duflo, Esther; Ganimian, Alejandro J.; Rajah, Kailash; Spelke, Elizabeth S.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Indian Institute of Management (IIM System); Indian Institute of Management Calcutta; New York University; Harvard University
摘要：Many children from low-income backgrounds worldwide fail to master school mathematics(1); however, some children extensively use mental arithmetic outside school(2,3). Here we surveyed children in Kolkata and Delhi, India, who work in markets (n = 1,436), to investigate whether maths skills acquired in real-world settings transfer to the classroom and vice versa. Nearly all these children used complex arithmetic calculations effectively at work. They were also proficient in solving hypothetica...
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作者：Bourzac, Katherine
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作者：Kagathra, Aayush; Baker, Simon; Crew, Bec; Maxwell, Tanner
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作者：Caplan, Arthur
作者单位：New York University
