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作者：Roy, Dwaipayan; Mishra, Anant; Sinha, Kingshuk K.
作者单位：University of Virginia; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：To encourage small business inclusion in public procurement, the U.S. federal government has established the set-aside program that mandates government agencies to award a portion of their contracts to small businesses. We study whether and to what extent the performance of R&D contracts awarded through this program differs from those awarded through open competition. Analyzing a large dataset of federal R&D contracts, we find that despite restricting competition to small businesses, set-aside...
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作者：Ji, Xiang; Wu, Jie; Chen, Zhixin; Shi, Ruixia
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; University of San Diego
摘要：With the rise of the digital economy, many firms are enhancing product line flexibility (i.e., the ability to adjust product line length or depth) to better manage demand uncertainties brought about by disruptive technologies. Concurrently, the booming digital economy has widened the information gap in supply chains. Retailers/platforms can now gather more detailed data to predict demand, but such data remains unavailable to manufacturers. This article studies how a manufacturer's product line...
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作者：Yang, Yongge; Lee, Yu-Ching; Chen, Po-An
作者单位：National Tsing Hua University; National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
摘要：We consider a periodical equilibrium pricing problem for multiple firms over a planning horizon of T periods. At each period, firms set their selling prices and receive stochastic demand from consumers. Firms do not know their underlying demand curve, but they wish to determine the selling prices to maximize total revenue under competition. Hence, they have to do some price experiments such that the observed demand data are informative to make price decisions. However, uncoordinated price upda...
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作者：Hu, Yihong; Li, Guo; Liu, Mengqi; Qu, Shengnan
作者单位：Tongji University; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing Institute of Technology; Hunan University
摘要：With the rise of big data technology, an online platform can easily gather customer information to engage in price discrimination and obtain additional profits. Sharing customer information with a third-party seller increases the platform's commission and information revenue, but the seller's personalized pricing using customer information intensifies the price competition, which may damage the profitability of the platform's own product. Whether to share information remains an unsolved strate...
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作者：Qi, Meng; Shen, Zuo-Jun(Max); Zheng, Zeyu
作者单位：Cornell University; University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This work provides performance guarantees for solving data-driven contextual newsvendor problems when the contextual data contains intertemporal dependence and non-stationarities. While machine learning tools have observed increasing use in data-driven inventory management problems, most of the existing work assumes that the contextual data are independent and identically distributed (often referred to as i.i.d.). However, such assumptions are often violated in real operational environments wh...
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作者：Baron, Opher; Cire, Andre A.; Savaser, Sinem K.
作者单位：University of Toronto
摘要：We consider an order fulfillment problem of an omni-channel retailer that ships online orders from its distribution center (DC) and brick-and-mortar stores. Stores use their local information, not observed by the retailer, that can lead them to accept or reject fulfillment requests of items in an online order. We investigate the problem of sequencing requests to stores and inventory rationing decisions at the DC to minimize expected costs under uncertain store acceptance behavior and when item...
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作者：Sun, Xu; Chai, Shiwei; Paul, Anand; Zhu, Lingjiong
作者单位：University of Miami; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; State University System of Florida; Florida State University
摘要：The rise of online marketplaces has raised customer expectations regarding customization and lead time. It poses significant challenges to manufacturing firms and prompts a move from make-to-stock to a more flexible make-to-order system. Compared to make-to-stock settings, make-to-order systems cannot smooth fluctuations in demand using available stock. While viewing dynamic pricing as a useful strategy to balance supply with demand, many manufacturing firms can also create capacity flexibilit...
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作者：Scott, Alex; Davis-Sramek, Beth; Ketchen Jr, David J.
作者单位：University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville; Auburn University System; Auburn University; Auburn University System; Auburn University
摘要：Although safety within operational systems depends on compliance with regulations, non-compliance is common in many settings. Trucking is a meaningful industry for studying operational safety compliance given that the industry is large and important, truck accidents kill thousands annually, and such accidents collectively cost the U.S. economy billions of dollars. Although the truck driving occupation is dominated by men, significant efforts are underway to recruit more women into the professi...
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作者：Rana, Shraddha; Russell, Timothy; Boutilier, Justin J.; Goentzel, Jarrod
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Fuel is an essential commodity in society with an amplified role during disasters. Disasters often cause a spike in demand for fuel and impose physical and operational constraints on fuel distribution. Accordingly, public and private sector stakeholders seek disaster preparedness and response interventions to ensure an adequate supply of fuel for emergency activities. We develop models to quantify downstream operational flow capacity, i.e., the volume of fuel that can be distributed from bulk ...
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作者：Gernert, Andreas K.; Calmon, Andre P.; Romero, Gonzalo; Van Wassenhove, Luk N.
作者单位：Kuhne Logistics University; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; University of Toronto; INSEAD Business School
摘要：Several low- and middle-income countries' emergency transportation systems (ETSs) do not have a centralized emergency number. Instead, they have many independent ambulance providers, each with a small number of ambulances. As a result, ETSs in these contexts lack coordination and ambulances. Using a free-entry equilibrium model, we show that in such decentralized systems, the probability that any given call can be served by at least one ambulance, that is, its coverage, is at most 71.54%, rega...
