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作者：Ghosh, Sugoutam; Piplani, Rajesh; Viswanathan, S.
作者单位：Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Technological University
摘要：We consider an inventory system under continuous review with two demand classes that are different in terms of service level required (or penalty cost incurred for backordering of demand). Prior literature has proposed the critical level rationing (CLR) policy under which the demand from the lower priority class is backordered once inventory falls below the critical level. While this reduces the penalty cost for the higher demand class, the fill rate achieved for the lower priority demand clas...
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作者：Abbey, James D.; Meloy, Margaret G.; Guide, V. Daniel R.; Atalay, Selin
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作者：Gunes, Evrim Didem; Ormeci, Egemen Lerzan; Kunduzcu, Derya
作者单位：Koc University; Koc University; HSBC Holdings; HSBC Turkey
摘要：This paper explores how the capacity of colonoscopy services should be allocated for screening and diagnosis of colorectal cancer to improve health outcomes. Both of these services are important since screening prevents cancer by removing polyps, while diagnosis is required to start treatment for cancer. This paper first presents a basic compartmental model to illustrate the trade-off between these two analytically. Further, a more realistic population dynamics model with resource constraints ...
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作者：Li, Zhaolin; Ryan, Jennifer K.; Shao, Lusheng; Sun, Daewon
作者单位：University of Sydney; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; University of Melbourne
摘要：This study considers a supply chain with two heterogeneous suppliers and a common retailer whose type is either low-volume or high-volume. The retailer's type is unknown to the suppliers. The flexible supplier has a high variable cost and a low fixed cost, while the efficient supplier has a low variable cost and a high fixed cost. Each supplier offers the retailer a menu of contracts. The retailer chooses the contract that maximizes its expected profit. For this setting, we characterize the eq...
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作者：Kirshner, Samuel Nathan; Nediak, Mikhail
作者单位：Queens University - Canada
摘要：This study develops an approximate optimal control problem to produce time-dependent bid prices for the airline network revenue management problem. The main contributions of our study are the analysis of time-dependent bid prices in continuous time and the use of splines to modify the problem into an approximate second-order cone program (ASOCP). The spline representation of bid prices permits the number of variables to depend solely on the number of resources and not on the size of the bookin...
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作者：MacCormack, Alan; Mishra, Anant
作者单位：Harvard University; George Mason University
摘要：Formal contracts represent an important governance instrument with which firms exercise control of and compensate partners in R&D projects. The specific type of contract used, however, can vary significantly across projects. In some, firms' govern partnering relationships through fixed-price contracts, whereas in others, firms' use more flexible time and materials or performance-based contracts. How do these choices affect the costs and benefits that arise from greater levels of partner integr...
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作者：Ramirez-Nafarrate, Adrian; Lyon, Joshua D.; Fowler, John W.; Araz, Ozgur M.
作者单位：Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Medical Center
摘要：Dispensing of mass prophylaxis can be critical to public health during emergency situations and involves complex decisions that must be made in a short period of time. This study presents a model and solution approach for optimizing point-of-dispensing (POD) location and capacity decisions. This approach is part of a decision support system designed to help officials prepare for and respond to public health emergencies. The model selects PODs from a candidate set and suggests how to staff each...
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作者：Jiang, Li
作者单位：Hong Kong Polytechnic University
摘要：We consider a setting in which a manufacturer sequentially sources two components and uses reverse auction to select a supplier with the lowest bidding price for each component. The manufacturer chooses a quantity to order from each supplier and a price for selling the final product. We show that the interplay between the direct competition faced by suppliers in providing their respective components and the sequence whereby the manufacturer sources components influence system performance in a ...
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作者：Kemahlioglu-Ziya, Eda
作者单位：North Carolina State University
摘要：This paper studies contract renegotiation in a stylized supply chain model. Two original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) sign fixed-quantity contracts with a contract manufacturer (CM) prior to demand realization. Contract renegotiation after demand realization allows the OEMs to use capacity that is more or less than what they contracted for. We assume that the extra profit due to efficient allocation of capacity is allocated to the supply chain parties according to the egalitarian rule and in...
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作者：Tucker, Anita L.; Singer, Sara J.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
摘要：Management-by-walking-around (MBWA) is a widely adopted technique in hospitals that involves senior managers directly observing frontline work. However, few studies have rigorously examined its impact on organizational outcomes. This study examines an improvement program based on MBWA in which senior managers observe frontline employees, solicit ideas about improvement opportunities, and work with staff to resolve the issues. We randomly selected hospitals to implement the 18-month-long, MBWA-...
