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作者：MAZZOLA, JB; SCHANTZ, RH
摘要：We consider the optimal allocation of a resource in a single-facility production environment in the presence of capacity-based economies and diseconomies of scope. This setting generalizes the usual approach to single-facility resource allocation by allowing for the effective capacity of a facility to be a (nonlinear) function of the number of different items produced or the services delivered by the facility. Economies or diseconomies of scope are attributable to factors such as production ch...
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作者：BOINEY, LG
摘要：Many key decisions have significant consequences for a group of people, rather than a single individual. In some cases, traditional group decision making techniques such as negotiation, voting, or compromise can be employed by the group members themselves to determine a satisfactory course of action. In other instances, however, the intervention of a central decision maker may be necessary. Intervening on behalf of a group raises additional concerns for the decision maker, one of which is fair...
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作者：AXELROD, R; MITCHELL, W; THOMAS, RE; BENNETT, DS; BRUDERER, E
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Buffalo, SUNY; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：We present a theory for predicting how business firms form alliances to develop and sponsor technical standards. Our basic assumptions are that the utility of a firm for joining a particular standard-setting alliance increases with the size of the alliance and decreases with the presence of rivals in the alliance, especially close rivals. The predicted alliance configurations are simply the Nash equilibria, i.e., those sets of alliances for which no single firm has an incentive to switch to an...
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作者：STRAUB, D; LIMAYEM, M; KARAHANNAEVARISTO, E
作者单位：University of Cyprus; Laval University
摘要：There is widespread agreement among researchers that system usage, defined as the utilization of information technology (IT) by individuals, groups, or organizations, is the primary variable through which IT affects white collar performance. Despite the number of studies targeted at explaining system usage, there are crucial differences in the way the variable has been conceptualized and operationalized. This wide variation of system usage measures hinders the efforts of MIS researchers to com...
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作者：ROY, A; HANSSENS, DM; RAJU, JS
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：We examine the problem of pricing in a market where one brand acts as a price leader. We develop a procedure to estimate a leader's price rule, which is optimal given a sales target objective, and allows for the inclusion of demand forecasts. We illustrate our estimation procedure by calibrating this optimal price rule for both the leader and the follower using data on past sales and prices from the mid-size sedan segment of the U.S. automobile market. Our results suggest that a leader-followe...
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作者：LECUYER, P; GIROUX, N; GLYNN, PW
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：This paper gives numerical illustrations of the behavior of stochastic approximation, combined with different derivative estimation techniques, to optimize a steady-state system. It is a companion paper to L'Ecuyer and Glynn (1993), which gives convergence proofs for most of the variants experimented here. The numerical experiments are made with a simple M/M/1 queue, which while simple, serves to illustrate the basic convergence properties and possible pitfalls of the various techniques.
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作者：GENDREAU, M; HERTZ, A; LAPORTE, G
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne
摘要：The purpose of this paper is to describe TABUROUTE, a new tabu search heuristic for the vehicle routing problem with capacity and route length restrictions. The algorithm considers a sequence of adjacent solutions obtained by repeatedly removing a vertex from its current route and reinserting it into another route. This is done by means of a generalized insertion procedure previously developed by the authors. During the course of the algorithm, infeasible solutions are allowed. Numerical tests...
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作者：LACHMAN, R; NEDD, A; HININGS, B
作者单位：University of Alberta
摘要：The differential social control embedded in core and periphery values indigenous to a cultural setting, and the availability of resources in that setting, are discussed as critical factors for the effective adaptation of organizations and management practices transferred across cultural boundaries. The relationships between these factors and organizational structure, processes, and behavior, are analyzed and specified in a theoretical framework. The framework postulates the importance of congr...
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作者：RUEFLI, TW; WIGGINS, RR
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：In a recent article, Oviatt and Bauerschmidt (1991) investigated risk-return relationship by employing the square root of the mean square error of returns as a measure of risk and found no significant relationship existed in those terms. Ruefli (1991) has suggested that under the assumption of stable distributions there is the possibility of spurious correlation in estimating the risk-return relationship in mean-variance terms. This comment identifies the commonalities between mean square erro...
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作者：ROBERTS, KH; STOUT, SK; HALPERN, JJ
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; Cornell University
摘要：In this research we extend theoretical development about decision making in organizations in which many kinds of errors cannot be tolerated. Catastrophic consequences can be associated with faulty decision making in reliability-seeking organizations, a situation which does not occur in most organizations studied in the past. Observations are drawn from two nuclear-powered aircraft carriers. We find decision processes which appear to change often in these organizations. Important decisions can ...
