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作者：KAO, EPC; SMITH, MS
摘要：In a paper published in this journal, Mamer (1987) studies the expected costs to producers and benefits to consumers of three types of product warranty: the ordinary free replacement warranty, the unlimited free replacement warranty, and the pro-rata warranty. In addition to assuming a random product lifetime, Mamer's models allow for randomness in consumer repurchase behavior and for the possibility of an independent damage process acting on products sold under warranty. The criteria for eval...
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作者：LEE, CY; CHENG, TCE; LIN, BMT
作者单位：Hong Kong Polytechnic University; National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
摘要：This paper considers minimizing the makespan in the 3-machine assembly-type flowshop scheduling problem. After problem formulation, we present a proof to show that the general version of this problem is strongly NP-complete. We then discuss a few polynomially solvable cases of the problem and present the solution algorithms. Next, a branch and bound solution scheme is suggested. Finally, three heuristics to find approximate solutions to the general problem are proposed and their error bounds a...
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作者：DAVIS, R; THOMAS, LG
作者单位：Emory University
摘要：This study examines the linkages between relatedness and synergy in the context of diversification among U.S. pharmaceutical firms for the period 1960-1980. Rather than assume (as in the entropy, Herfindahl and concentric indices of diversification) that the levels of synergy generated by different related combinations of business units are identical, we estimate synergy directly using a modified version of the concentric index. In addition to estimating synergy using capital market performanc...
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作者：STEINER, G; YEOMANS, S
摘要：A mixed-model manufacturing facility running under a Just-in-Time (JIT) production system is controlled by setting the production sequence of the final assembly process. This sequence is set to achieve the primary goal of an organization operating under a JIT system, which is to maintain a constant rate of part usage. In this paper, a graph-theoretic approach is used to determine an optimal solution for this goal for a new, nonconvex objective function. Furthermore, it is shown that a schedule...
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作者：BRANDEAU, ML; OWENS, DK; SOX, CH; WACHTER, RM
作者单位：Dartmouth College; Stanford University; San Francisco General Hospital Medical Center; University of California System; University of California San Francisco
摘要：This paper analyzes the costs and benefits of screening women of childbearing age for HIV. The analysis is based on a dynamic compartmental model of the HIV epidemic that incorporates disease transmission and progression over time, behavioral changes, and effects of screening and associated counseling and education. The model allows one to consider not only effects on the screened women and their newborns, but also effects on the rest of the population. The analysis reveals that the primary be...
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作者：HILLER, RS; ECKSTEIN, J
摘要：Drawing on recent developments in discrete time fixed income options theory, we propose a stochastic programming procedure, which we call stochastic dedication, for managing asset/liability portfolios with interest rate contingent claims. The model uses scenario generation to combine deterministic dedication techniques with stochastic duration matching methods, and provides the portfolio manager with a risk/return Pareto optimal frontier from which a portfolio may be selected based on individu...
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作者：TURNER, AL; WEIGEL, EJ
摘要：This paper examines the daily return variability of the S&P 500 and the Dow Jones indices over the 1928-1989 period. We use the traditional close-to-close standard deviation of returns, two alternative estimators incorporating the daily high and low of the index, and a robust estimator to measure the volatility of stock index returns. The 1980s were the third most volatile decade behind the 1920s and 30s. To a large extent, this was caused by the anomalous behavior of the fourth quarter of 198...
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作者：STORER, RH; WU, SD; VACCARI, R
摘要：In this paper search heuristics are developed for generic sequencing problems with emphasis on job shop scheduling. The proposed methods integrate problem specific heuristics common to Operations Research and local search approaches from Artificial Intelligence in order to obtain desirable properties from both. The applicability of local search to a wide range of problems, and the incorporation of problem-specific information are both properties of the proposed algorithms. Two methods are prop...
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作者：LOVEJOY, WS
摘要：This paper considers single-item inventory systems with immediate delivery and no economies of scale. Bounds are provided on the value loss relative to optimal cost for restricting attention to the class of inventory stocking policies that behave myopically up to a specified stopping time. The stopping time may be random, and may depend on demand histories as well as information exogenous to the firm. The bounds are robust to the nature of the demand process faced after the stopping time, so a...
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作者：AUSTER, ER
摘要：Although economic activity between the U.S. and Japan has skyrocketed in the last decade, there are few large sample, cross-industry studies analyzing multiple forms of investment by the Japanese in the U.S. This study analyzes the key characteristics of each stage of industry evolution and the costs and benefits of each form of resource investment to predict the patterns of technological linkages, joint ventures, and direct investment of Japanese companies in the U.S. The results find support...
