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作者：Barker, VL III; Mueller, GC
作者单位：University of Kansas; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Milwaukee
摘要：Over the past fifteen years, a number of studies have examined the determinants of firm R&D spending. These studies, however, almost invariably focus on the role of firm or external ownership characteristics in predicting R&D spending while overlooking the attributes of the top managers involved in allocating corporate resources. In this study, we change that focus by empirically examining how R&D spending as compared to industry competitors varies at firms based on the characteristics of thei...
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作者：Sarathy, R; Muralidhar, K; Parsa, R
作者单位：Oklahoma State University System; Oklahoma State University - Stillwater; Drake University; University of Kentucky
摘要：Protecting confidential, numerical data in databases from. disclosure is an important issue both for commercial organizations as well as data-gathering and disseminating organizations (such as the Census Bureau). Prior studies have shown that perturbation methods are effective in protecting such confidential data from snoopers. Perturbation methods have to provide legitimate users. with accurate (unbiased) information, and also provide adequate security against disclosure of confidential infor...
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作者：Chung, W; Alcácer, J
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; New York University
摘要：To what extent do firms go abroad to access technology available in other locations? This paper examines whether and when state technical capabilities attract foreign investment in manufacturing from. 1987-1993. We find that on average state R&D intensity does not attract foreign direct investment. Most investing firms are in lower-tech industries and locate in low R&D intensity states, suggesting little interest in state technical capabilities. In contrast, we find that firms in research-inte...
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作者：Oguz, O
作者单位：Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University
摘要：Column generation is a well-known and widely practiced technique for solving linear programs with too many variables or constraints to include in the initial formulation explicitly. Instead, the required column information is generated at each iteration of the simplex algorithm. This paper shows that, even if the number of variables is low enough for explicit inclusion in the model with the available technology, it may still be more efficient to resort to column generation for some class of pr...
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作者：Vulcano, G; van Ryzin, G; Maglaras, C
作者单位：New York University; Columbia University
摘要：We analyze a dynamic auction, in which a seller, with C units to sell faces a sequence of buyers separated into T time periods. Each group of buyers has independent, private values for a single unit. Buyers compete directly against each other within a period, as in a traditional auction, and indirectly with buyers in other periods through the opportunity cost of capacity assessed by the seller. The number of buyers in each period, as well as the individual buyers' valuations, are random. The m...
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作者：Agarwal, R; Bayus, BL
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：In contrast to the prevailing supply-side explanation that price decreases are the key driver of a sales takeoff, we argue that outward shifting supply and demand curves lead to market takeoff. Our fundamental idea is that sales in new markets are initially low because the first commercialized forms of new innovations are primitive. Then, as new firms enter, actual and perceived product quality improves (and prices possibly drop), which leads to a takeoff in sales. To provide empirical evidenc...
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作者：Clemons, EK; Hann, IH; Hitt, LM
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：Previous research has examined whether price dispersion exists in theoretically highly efficient Internet markets. However, much of the previous work has been focused on industries with low cost and undifferentiated products. In this paper, we examine the presence of price dispersion and product differentiation using data on the airline ticket offerings of online travel agents (OTAs). We find that different OTAs offer tickets with substantially different prices and characteristics when given t...
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作者：Zenios, SA
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：Organ exchanges are expected to increase the utilization of living donors and to alleviate the critical shortage of organs for transplantation. The typical arrangement involves a direct exchange between two blood-type incompatible donor-candidate pairs. An alternate possibility is an indirect exchange between one such pair and the highest priority candidate on the regular waiting list for cadaveric organs. This paper focuses on the mix of direct and indirect exchanges that maximizes the expect...
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作者：Gittell, JH
作者单位：Brandeis University
摘要：This paper proposes a model of how coordinating mechanisms work, and tests it in the context of patient care. Consistent with organization design theory, the performance effects of boundary spanners and team meetings were mediated by relational coordination, a communication- and relationship-intensive form of coordination. Contrary to organization. design theory, however, the performance effects of routines were also mediated :by relational coordination. Rather than serving as a replacement fo...
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作者：Kou, SG
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：Brownian motion and normal distribution have been widely used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing framework to model the return of assets. However, two puzzles emerge from many empirical investigations: the leptokurtic feature that the return distribution of assets may have a higher peak and two (asymmetric) heavier tails than those of the normal distribution, and an empirical phenomenon called volatility smile in option markets. To incorporate both of them and to strike a balance between real...
