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作者：Song, J; Almeida, P; Wu, G
作者单位：Yonsei University; Georgetown University; Columbia University
摘要：To investigate the conditions under which learning-by-hiring (or the acquisition of knowledge through the hiring of experts from other firms) is more likely, we study the patenting activities of engineers who moved from United States (U.S.) firms to non-U.S. firms. Statistical findings from negative binomial regressions show that mobility is more likely to result in interfirm knowledge transfer when (1) the hiring firm is less path dependent, (2) the hired engineers possess technological exper...
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作者：Shoemaker, R; Mitra, D; Chen, YX; Essegaier, S
作者单位：New York University; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Stiving (2000) proposes an interesting model to explain price-endings. His analysis shows that even when customer demand increases at 9-ending price points, certain firms that use high prices to signal quality are more likely to set those prices at round numbers. This comment raises two issues about the model. First, it appears that the original paper imposes a condition that has the effect of eliminating a broad range of legitimate separating equilibria from the analyses. Second, it appears t...
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作者：Carlile, PR; Rebentisch, ES
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：This paper examines how knowledge is integrated in complex technology and product development settings. By framing the task of knowledge integration as a cycle, we highlight the inability of current knowledge transfer theories to explain the consequences that arise from the path-dependent nature of knowledge. We compare the complexity of this knowledge integration task to previous efforts in terms of its novelty and the organizational properties of specialization and dependence that are requir...
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作者：Nerkar, A
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：In this paper, knowledge creation is considered as a path-dependent evolutionary process that involves recombining knowledge spread over time. The findings of the paper suggest that a balance in combining current knowledge with the knowledge available across large time spans is an important factor that explains the impact of new knowledge. These ideas are empirically tested using patent data from the pharmaceutical industry. Results from the analysis offer support for the hypotheses developed ...
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作者：Rosenkopf, L; Almeida, P
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Georgetown University
摘要：Recent research suggests that, due to organizational and relational constraints, firms are limited contextually-both geographically and technologically-in their search for new knowledge. But distant contexts may offer ideas and insights that can be extremely useful to innovation through knowledge recombination. So how can firms reach beyond their existing contexts in their search for new knowledge? In this paper, we suggest that two mechanisms-alliances and the mobility of inventors-can serve ...
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作者：Sine, WD; Scott, S; Di Gregorio, D
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University of New Mexico
摘要：Sociologists and organizational theorists have long claimed that the processes of knowledge creation and distribution are fundamentally social. Following in this tradition, we explore the effect of institutional prestige on university technology licensing. Empirically, we examine the influence of university prestige on the annual rate of technology licensing by 102 universities from 1991-1998. We show that institutional prestige increases a university's licensing rate over and above the rate t...
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作者：Weber, RA; Camerer, CF
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; California Institute of Technology
摘要：We use laboratory experiments to explore merger failure due to conflicting organizational cultures. We introduce a laboratory paradigm for studying organizational culture that captures several key elements of the phenomenon. In our experiments, we allow subjects in firms to develop a culture, and then merge two firms. As, expected, performance decreases following the merging of two laboratory firms. In addition, subjects overestimate the performance of the merged firm and attribute the decreas...
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作者：Cohen, MA; Ho, TH; Ren, ZJ; Terwiesch, C
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Boston University
摘要：We consider the order-fulfillment process of a supplier producing a customized capital good, such as production equipment, commercial aircraft, medical devices, or defense systems. As is common in these industries, prior to receiving a firm purchase order from the customer, the supplier receives a series of shared forecasts, which are called soft orders. Facing a stochastic internal manufacturing lead time, the supplier must decide at what time to begin the fulfillment of the order. This decis...
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作者：Iyer, AV; Jain, A
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：We model a supply chain with two retail warehouses that place replenishment orders with a common manufacturing capacity. The two,retailers differ in the variability of their order-streams. The order-stream from one retail warehouse is modeled as a Poisson process and from the other as a hyperexponential renewal process. Each retail warehouse uses a base-stock policy to place replenishment orders with, the manufacturer. The manufacturer is modeled as a first-come-first-serve, single exponential...
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作者：Leech, D
作者单位：University of Warwick
摘要：Voting power indices enable the analysis of the distribution of power in a legislature or voting body in which different members have different numbers of votes. Although this approach to the measurement of power has been known for a long time, its application to large games has been limited by the difficulty of computing these indices. This paper presents a new method for computing power indices that combines exact methods with an approximate method due to Owen. This method is of most utility...
