-
作者：Mosakowski, E; Zaheer, S
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Purdue University System; Purdue University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：This paper proposes a theory of firm boundaries based on foreknowledge development and exploitation in speculative or informed trading. Foreign exchange trading provides this study's empirical context. From research on information economics, we suggest optimal speculative trading operations are multiunit and globally dispersed. Alternatively, transaction cost economics suggests atomistic actors prevail in the market for fungible commodities like currencies. We also develop competing hypotheses...
-
作者：Boisot, M; Child, J
作者单位：Universitat Ramon Llull; Escuela Superior de Administracion y Direccion de Empresas (ESADE); University of Cambridge
摘要：This paper treats organizations as adaptive systems that have to match the complexity of their environments. The nature of this complexity is analyzed by linking an institutional Information-Space (I-Space) framework to the work of complexity theorists. The I-Space framework identifies the codification, abstraction, and diffusion of information as cultural attributes. Codification involves the assignment of data to categories, thus giving them form. Abstraction involves a reduction in the numb...
-
作者：Kraut, R; Steinfield, C; Chan, AP; Butler, B; Hoag, A
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Michigan State University; Cornell University; Carnegie Mellon University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：One view holds that organizations are virtual to the extent that they outsource key components of their production processes, and that electronic networks make if easier to do this. The goal of the present paper is to examine explicitly the effects that use of electronic networks for transactions with suppliers has on firms' degree of virtualization. In so doing, we also highlight factors that influence the use of networks for coordination with suppliers, and the impact such use has on coordin...
-
作者：Ahuja, MK; Carley, KM
作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida State University; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：Virtual organizations that use e-mail to communicate and coordinate their work toward a common goal are becoming ubiquitous. However, little is known about how these organizations work. Much prior research suggests that virtual organizations, for the most part because they use information technology to communicate, will be decentralized and nonhierarchical. This paper examines the behavior of one such organization. The analysis is based on a case study of the communication structure and conten...
-
作者：Whittington, R; Pettigrew, A; Peck, S; Fenton, E; Conyon, M
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Warwick; City St Georges, University of London; University of Warwick
摘要：This paper addresses three weaknesses in the literature on new organizational forms: the limited mapping of the extent of contemporary organizational change; confusion about how contemporary changes link together; and the lack of systematic testing of the performance consequences of this kind of change. Drawing on a large-scale survey of organizational innovation in European firms, the paper finds widespread but not revolutionary change in terms of organization structure, processes, and bounda...
-
作者：Staples, DS; Hulland, JS; Higgins, CA
作者单位：Queens University - Canada; Western University (University of Western Ontario); University Western Ontario Hospital
摘要：The current study is a first step in investigating how virtual organizations can manage remote employees effectively. The research used self-efficacy theory to build a model that predicts relationships between antecedents to employees' remote work self-efficacy assessments and their behavioral and attitudinal consequences. The model was tested using responses from 376 remote managed employees in 18 diverse organizations. Overall, the results indicated that remote employees' self-efficacy asses...
-
作者：Lewin, AY
作者单位：Duke University
-
作者：Cook, SDN; Brown, JS
作者单位：California State University System; San Jose State University; Xerox
摘要：Much current work on organizational knowledge, intellectual capital, knowledge-creating organizations, knowledge work, and the like rests on a single, traditional understanding of the nature of knowledge. We call this understanding the epistemology of possession, since it treats knowledge as something people possess. Yet, this epistemology cannot account for the knowing found in individual and group practice. Knowing as action calls for an epistemology of practice. Moreover, the epistemology o...
-
作者：Rao, H; Sivakumar, K
作者单位：Emory University; University System of Georgia; Georgia State University
摘要：Investor relations departments are diffusing rapidly among U.S. firms, and these new boundary-spanning units are likely to affect corporate governance and management. This article suggests that anti-management resolutions, monitoring by independent financial analysts, and mimetic influences are hastening the diffusion of this structural innovation.
-
作者：Grabowski, M; Roberts, KH
作者单位：Le Moyne College; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This paper examines the problem of risk mitigation in virtual organizations (VOs). We begin by discussing risk propensity in virtual organizations, and draw on a variety of research to suggest processes important in obtaining high levels of reliable performance in VOs. From this research we identify four processes we think are important: organizational structuring and design, communication, culture, and trust. Based on existing research done in conventional and high reliability organizations (...
