Review of Economics and Statistics

最新文章

• Is the Time Allocated to Review Patent Applications Inducing Examiners to Grant Invalid Patents? Evidence from Microlevel Application Data AI翻译
  作者：Frakes, Michael D.; Wasserman, Melissa F.
  作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital
  摘要：We explore how examiner behavior is altered by the time allocated for reviewing patent applications. Insufficient examination time may hamper examiner search and rejection efforts, leaving examiners more inclined to grant invalid applications. To test this prediction, we use application-level data to trace the behavior of individual examiners over the course of a series of promotions that carry with them reductions in examination time allocations. We find evidence demonstrating that such promo...
• Is Information Power? Using Mobile Phones and Free Newspapers during an Election in Mozambique AI翻译
  作者：Aker, Jenny C.; Collier, Paul; Vicente, Pedro C.
  作者单位：Tufts University; University of Oxford; Universidade Nova de Lisboa
  摘要：African elections often reveal low levels of political accountability. We assess different forms of voter education during an election in Mozambique. Three interventions providing information to voters and calling for their participation were randomized: an information campaign using SMS, an SMS hotline for electoral misconduct, and the distribution of a free newspaper. To measure impact, we look at official electoral results, reports by electoral observers, and behavioral and survey data. We ...
• The Lasting Effect of Sex Ratio Imbalance on Marriage and Family: Evidence from World War II in Russia AI翻译
  作者：Brainerd, Elizabeth
  作者单位：Brandeis University; IZA Institute Labor Economics
  摘要：How does a shock to sex ratios affect marriage markets and fertility? I use the drastic change in sex ratios caused by World War II to identify the effects of unbalanced sex ratios on Russian women. Using unique archival data, the results indicate that male scarcity led to lower rates of marriage and fertility, higher nonmarital births, and reduced bargaining power within marriage for women most affected by war deaths. The impact of sex ratio imbalance on marriage and family persisted for year...
• Are University Admissions Academically Fair? AI翻译
  作者：Bhattacharya, Debopam; Kanaya, Shin; Stevens, Margaret
  作者单位：University of Cambridge; Aarhus University; University of Oxford
  摘要：Admission practices at high-profile universities are often criticized for undermining academic merit. Popular tests for detecting such biases suffer from omitted characteristic bias. We develop a bounds-based test to circumvent this problem. We assume that students who are better qualified on observableswould, on average, appear academically stronger to admission officers based on unobservables. This assumption reveals the sign of differences in admission standards across demographic groups th...
• Quality-Adjusted Price Measurement: A New Approach with Evidence from Semiconductors AI翻译
  作者：Byrne, David M.; Kovak, Brian K.; Michaels, Ryan
  作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors; Carnegie Mellon University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Philadelphia
  摘要：Many markets exhibit price dispersion across suppliers of observationally identical goods. Statistical agencies typically assume this dispersion reflects unobserved quality, so standard price indexes do not incorporate price declines when buyers substitute toward lower-price suppliers. We show that long-run price differences across suppliers can be used to infer unobserved quality differences and propose an index that accommodates quality-adjusted price dispersion. Using transaction-level data...
• The Explicit Formula for the Hodrick-Prescott Filter in a Finite Sample AI翻译
  作者：Cornea-Madeira, Adriana
  作者单位：University of York - UK
  摘要：We derive the exact expression for the weights of the Hodrick-Prescott (HP) filter in a finite sample without making any assumptions about the statistical properties of the time series. We use the results to give insights into the properties of the HP filter and to build a fast algorithm with computational improvements by a factor of up to three times in samples typical in economics.
• Decentralization, Collusion, and Coal Mine Deaths AI翻译
  作者：Jia, Ruixue; Nie, Huihua
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); Renmin University of China
  摘要：This paper investigates how collusion between regulators and firms affects workplace safety using the case of China's coal mine deaths. We argue that decentralization makes collusion more likely and that its effect is strengthened if the transaction costs of collusion are lower. These hypotheses are tested by investigating the impact of decentralization contingent on regulators' characteristics. Exploring both decentralization and centralization reforms in the coal mine industry, we find that ...
• A Field Experiment on Search Costs and the Formation of Scientific Collaborations AI翻译
  作者：Boudreau, Kevin J.; Brady, Tom; Ganguli, Ina; Gaule, Patrick; Guinan, Eva; Hollenberg, Anthony; Lakhani, Karim R.
  作者单位：Northeastern University; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst; Czech Academy of Sciences; Economics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Charles University Prague; Czech Academy of Sciences; Economics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
  摘要：We present the results of a field experiment conducted at Harvard Medical School to understand the extent to which search costs affect matching among scientific collaborators. We generated exogenous variation in search costs for pairs of potential collaborators by randomly assigning individuals to 90-minute structured information-sharing sessions as part of a grant funding opportunity. We estimate that the treatment increases the probability of grant co-application of a given pair of researche...
• Estimation in the Fixed-Effects Ordered Logit Model AI翻译
  作者：Muris, Chris
  作者单位：Simon Fraser University
  摘要：This paper introduces a new estimator for the fixed-effects ordered logit model. The proposed method has two advantages over existing estimators. First, it estimates the differences in the cut points along with the regression coefficient, leading to provide bounds on partial effects. Second, the proposed estimator for the regression coefficient is more efficient. I use the fact that the ordered logit model with J outcomes and T observations can be converted to a binary choice logit model in (J...
• The Effectiveness of R&D Tax Credits AI翻译
  作者：Thomson, Russell
  作者单位：Swinburne University of Technology
  摘要：In order to measure the effect of tax credits on private R&D investment, researchers confront the difficult problem of finding an exogenous measure of tax policy that exhibits sufficient variation to support robust identification. This paper takes a new approach based on exploiting differences in the average capital-labor ratio of R&D investment across industries and variation in the tax treatment of different expenditure types across countries and over time. The estimated short-run elasticity...