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作者：Png, I. P. L.
作者单位：National University of Singapore
摘要：Here, I study the effect of state enactment of the Uniform Trade Secrets Act (UTSA) on R&D among U.S. businesses between 1979 and 1998. Using a new index of the legal protection of trade secrets, I find that the UTSA was associated with higher R&D among larger companies and those in high-tech industries. For the average company in the respective industry, the UTSA was associated with 3.2% more R&D in pharmaceuticals and 3.1% more R&D in computers and office equipment, as contrasted with no sig...
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作者：Abeberese, Ama Baafra
作者单位：Wellesley College
摘要：Using data on Indian firms, I provide evidence on how electricity prices affect a firm's industry choice and productivity growth. I construct an instrument for electricity price as the interaction between coal price and the share of thermal generation in a state's total electricity generation capacity. I find that in response to an exogenous increase in electricity price, firms switch to less electricity-intensive production processes within narrowly defined industries, reduce their machine in...
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作者：Bitler, Marianne P.; Gelbach, Jonah B.; Hoynes, Hilary W.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Pennsylvania; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We assess whether welfare reform affects earnings only through mean impacts that are constant within but vary across subgroups. This is important because researchers interested in treatment effect heterogeneity typically focus on estimating mean impacts that only vary across subgroups. Using a novel approach to simulating treatment group earnings under the constant mean impacts within subgroup model, we find this model does a poor job of capturing treatment effect heterogeneity for Connecticut...
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作者：Baum-Snow, Nathaniel; Brandt, Loren; Henderson, J. Vernon; Turner, Matthew A.; Zhang, Qinghua
作者单位：University of Toronto; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Brown University; Peking University
摘要：We investigate how urban railroad and highway configurations have influenced urban form in Chinese cities since 1990. Each radial highway displaces 4% of central city population to surrounding regions, and ring roads displace about an additional 20%, with stronger effects in the richer coastal and central regions. Each radial railroad reduces central city industrial GDP by about 20%, with ring roads displacing an additional 50%. We provide evidence that radial highways decentralize service sec...
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作者：Mourifie, Ismael; Wan, Yuanyuan
作者单位：University of Toronto
摘要：In this paper, we propose an easy-to-implement procedure to test the key conditions for the identification and estimation of the local average treatment effect (LATE; Imbens & Angrist, 1994). We reformulate the testable implications of LATE assumptions as two conditional inequalities, which can be tested in the intersection bounds framework of Chernozhukov, Lee, and Rosen (2013) and easily implemented using the Stata package of Chernozhukov et al. (2015). We apply the proposed tests to the dra...
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作者：Foellmi, Reto; Martinez, Isabel Z.
作者单位：University of St Gallen
摘要：In the past twenty years, the share of top incomes in Switzerland has risen, while exhibiting large variations. Switzerland is similar to European countries for the top 1% but closer to the United States for higher top income groups. With the synthetic control method, we close a time gap in the tax data, exploiting the fact that Swiss cantons changed their tax system at different points in time. Using social security data, which cover all top labor incomes, we document the growing importance o...
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作者：Clemens, Michael A.; Tiongson, Erwin R.
作者单位：IZA Institute Labor Economics; Georgetown University; Asian Institute of Management
摘要：Temporary overseas work can both raise a family's income and split the household geographically, with theoretically ambiguous net effects on spending, finance, and labor supply decisions. We study a policy discontinuity in the Philippines that quasi-randomly assigned temporary, partial-household migration for high-wage jobs inKorea. This allows quasiexperimental estimates of reduced-form effects of migration. We find that migration causes large changes in households' spending and savingnot onl...
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作者：Larreguy, Horacio; Marshall, John
作者单位：Harvard University; Columbia University
摘要：Developing democracies are experiencing unprecedented increases in primary and secondary schooling. To identify education's long-run political effects, we use a difference-in-differences design that leverages variation across local government areas and gender in the intensity of Nigeria's 1976 universal primary education reformone of Africa's largest ever educational expansionsto instrument for education. We find large increases in basic civic and political engagement: better educated citizens...
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作者：Antolin-Diaz, Juan; Drechsel, Thomas; Petrella, Ivan
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Warwick; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Warwick
摘要：Using a dynamic factor model that allows for changes in both the long-run growth rate of output and the volatility of business cycles, we document a significant decline in long-run output growth in the United States. Our evidence supports the view that most of this slowdown occurred prior to the Great Recession. We show how to use the model to decompose changes in long-run growth into its underlying drivers. At low frequencies, a decline in the growth rate of labor productivity appears to be b...
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作者：Karadja, Mounir; Mollerstrom, Johanna; Seim, David
作者单位：Uppsala University; Humboldt University of Berlin; Leibniz Association; DIW Berlin - Deutsches Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung; Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN); Stockholm University
摘要：We use a tailor-made survey on a Swedish sample to investigate how individuals' relative income affects their demand for redistribution. We first document that a majority misperceive their position in the income distribution and believe that they are poorer, relative to others, than they actually are. We then inform a subsample about their true relative income and find that individuals who are richer than they initially thought demand less redistribution. This result is driven by individuals w...
